The implication of hemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations in chronic viral hepatitis remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to measure the frequencies of the common HFE gene mutations in Moroccan subjects with chronic viral hepatitis B and C and to assess their influence on the progression of liver disease. H63D and C282Y mutations were screened by the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 170 chronic hepatitis B patients, 168 chronic hepatitis C patients, and 200 healthy controls. A very small proportion of patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV; 1.8% and none, respectively) were heterozygous for the C282Y mutation, that is, rates not statistically different from those observed in healthy control (2%, P > 0.05). Similarly, the frequency of the H63D allele was not significantly different between HBV (13.8%) or HCV (14.3%) patients and controls (13.5%, P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that carriers of the H63D mutation infected with HBV are at higher risk to progress towards an advanced liver disease when compared with patients infected with HBV with wild-type (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.07-5.58). In contrast, no association between HFE mutated HCV-infected patients and an increased risk of disease progression was found (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.61-2.50, P = 0.547). In conclusion, in Morocco the frequency of the HFE C282Y allele is very low and H63D mutation carriage occurs in almost 14% of the patients, a rate similar in chronic hepatitis patients and healthy controls. In the case of chronic hepatitis B, the carriage of the H63D variant represents a risk factor of evolution towards a more active disease.
Introduction To clarify characteristics of bone fragility in middleaged Japanese women, we have examined the correlation between bone quality by novel ultrasonic bone densitometry system and several biochemical markers of bone turnover. Methods Subjects are 121 female applied for this study voluntarily. We evaluated which factors are related with bone quality, bone mineral density or bone elastic modulus as fragile risk in healthy Japanese population. We have measured bone metabolism markers (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP)-5b, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase). For the assessment of examined factors, we have divided the subjects into three subgroups according to the age (Group A: <49, Group B: 50e59, Group C: >60) and investigated the correlation of above-mentioned bone fragile index, biomarkers, and the menopausal reference (pre-menopause, peri-menopause, post-menopause).Results 90 were included in Group A, 21 in Group B and 10 in Group C. Regarding the menopause status, approximately 90% of subjects in Group A had a menstruation regularly, 25% of subjects in Group B had a irregular menstruation and 60% showed the post-menopause. The bone mineral density and bone elastic modulus showed significantly lower in Group C than in Group A or B. The bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and TRACP-5bwere significantly higher in Group B and C than in Group A (p<0.05) whereas no statistical differences of these parameters between Group B and C had been noted. Conclusion The early screening or objective bone check-up analyses by individual are necessary as an initiative medical prevention of osteoporosis and bone fragility in middle-aged women. Introduction Alcohol consumption is related to an increased risk of several types of cancer. The evidence for an association with other cancer types remains controversial. Alcohol consumption is common in Lithuania: 40% of men drank $60 g of pure alcohol on a single occasion at least once per month in 2006. Its effect may be reduced significantly by changing the lifestyle. The present study was initiated to assess the relation between alcohol consumption, other behavioural and metabolic risk factors, and cancer risk. Methods Two cohortsdKaunas-Rotterdam Intervention Study and Multifactorial Ischaemic Heart Disease Prevention Study -are included. Kaunas-Rotterdam Intervention Study is a WHO-coordinated prospective cohort study of a random sample of 2447 men aged 45-59, living in Kaunas (Lithuania), who took part in a cardiovascular screening programme in 1972e1974. The Multifactorial Ischaemic Heart Disease Prevention Study was carried out in 1976e1980 among 5933 Kaunas men, aged 40e59. All participants underwent physical examination; information on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, etc was obtained via interview. P2-74 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND CANCER RISK
Host genetic factors may influence the establishment of chronicity or spontaneous clearance in viral hepatitis B and C infections. More light was shed on the role played by interferon-stimulated genes in the innate immunity. Myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1) is one of those key genes that have reported to inhibit several viruses. The present study aims to explore the possible association of -88G/T and -123C/A promoter variants of MX1 with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B and C and/or with spontaneous clearance in a Moroccan population. The -88G/T and -123C/A SNPs were genotyped by PCR-RFLP in 538 individuals stratified into HBV chronically infected patients (n = 120), HCV-chronically infected patients (n = 115), HBV spontaneously resolved subjects (n = 114), HCV spontaneously resolved group (n = 52), and healthy controls (n = 137). A significant association of -123C allele with HBV spontaneous clearance has been found (P = 0.002, OR = 2.34; 95%CI [1.36-4]). In addition, a significant correlation between the MX1-GC haplotype and HBV spontaneous clearance (P < 0.001) was found. No significant association of -88G/T and -123C/A polymorphisms with regard to HCV infection was observed in this study. Here, we show that for North African patients with chronic hepatitis, MX1 gene variation at position -123 may influence the outcome of HBV infection but not HCV infection. J. Med. Virol. 89:647-652, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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