SINCE THEIR FIRST description by Ehrlich, the distribution of tissue mast cells has been extensively studied. 1, 2 However, their presence and distribution in the oro-nasal region have remained controversial. Thus, Kelsall and Crabb 3 maintain that no literature exists regarding the distribution of mast cells in the oro-nasal region or in any other segments of the head and neck. Conversely, some investigators quoted by Michels 2 found a great number of these cells in the tongue. A large mast cell population has been reported in gingival connective tissue, 4, 5 decreasing in number in proximity to the gingival sulcus. 4Studies by other investigators 4-7 of the density of mast cells in inflamed gingiva have resulted in contradictory findings. These findings, together with McCutcheon's hypothesis 8 proposing increased mast cell counts in chronic inflammatory conditions elsewhere in the body induced us to undertake the present study. The purpose was to determine whether such an increase takes place in chronic destructive periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODSBiopsies were taken from the upper buccal premolar area of 35 patients (age range 14-50 years) with chronic destructive periodontal disease (Group I). Pockets varying from 4 to 6 mm. in depth with bone resorption, but no tooth mobility, were present. The patients were not prescaled. Thirteen patients from 15 to 64 years of age with clinically healthy gingiva served as controls (Group 2). Papillary biopsies were taken from their upper buccal premolar area. A month prior to this procedure, the teeth of the controls were carefully scaled and polished, and the patients were instructed in oral home care.
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