This paper describes the results of an investigation carried out to study the influence of particle size, stress level, density, method of consolidation, and strain conditions on the strength and compressibility of crushed basalt. All specimens were prepared at medium or high density, consolidated isotropically or under KO consolidation, and sheared under effective confining pressure ranging from 443 to 2297 kPa. The material used in the test program had a straight line grain size distribution with maximum particle size ranges from 0.63 to 76.2 mm and minimum particle size equivalent to No. 30 U.S. standard sieve size:The tests indicated that an increase in the particle size (i.e., gradation) increases the strength and decreases the axial and the volumetric strain at failure. The study indicated further that the crushed basalt under triaxial compression has a lower shear strength than when sheared under plane strain conditions. Particles crushed were significantly influenced by the stress level and gradation and to a lesser degree by density of material.Cet article prCsente les rCsultats d'une Ctude de l'influence de la dimension des particules, du niveau de contrainte, de la densitC, de la mCthode de consolidation et des conditions de dkformation sur la rksistance et la compressibilitC du basalt concassi. Tous les Cchantillons ont Ct C prCparCsB une densite moyenne B forte, consolidts sous condition isotrope ou KO, et cisaillts sous des contraintes effectives comprises entre 443 et 2297 kPa. Le matkriau utilisC dans le programme d'essais avait une courbe granulomCtrique rectiligne entre une dimension maximum variant de 0,63 i 76,2 mm et une dimension minimum correspondant au tamis standard U.S. no 30.Les essais indiquent qu'une augmentation de la dimension des particules produit une augmentation de la rCsistance et une diminution des dCformations axiales et volumiques B la rupture. L'Ctude a montrC Cgalement que le basalt concassC prksente une risistance au cisaillement plus faible en compression triaxiale qu'en condition de dCformation plane. Le broyage des particules est fortement influencC par le niveau de contrainte et la granulomCtrie, et a un degrC moindre par la densite du matCriau.Mots-clh: sols pulvCrulents, densitt, essais de cisaillement, diagrammes contrainte-dCformation, essais de compression, barrages en enrochement.
A series of tests were conducted on sands to determine the value of the coefficient of earth pressure at rest (K0) and the factors which influence its magnitude. Four laboratory techniques were used to determine the value of K0 and the stress-strain relationship for Reid-Bedford sand at dense, medium, and loose states. Test results indicated that the value of K0 for the sand tested is not significantly influenced by the testing equipment or the technique used. Results show that K0 increases with decreasing relative density, increasing stress level, and number of loading cycles. On the first loading cycle, the value of K0 agreed well with Jaky equation K0 = 1 - sin φ. The constrained modulus D increased with increasing relative density, increasing stress level, and increasing number of loading cycles, but remained almost the same for all unloading cycles.
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