Background: Vitamin D is a very important component of all vital functions in the human body. Its deficiency is a major public health issue worldwide and is associated with a broad spectrum of diseases. This study assessed knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding vitamin D deficiency among the general population in the Al-Qunfudhah governorate, Saudi Arabia.Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out among the population in Al-Qunfudhah governorate, Saudi Arabia. A self-administrated online questionnaire was utilized to collect the research data during a period of four months from November 2021 to February 2022.Results: A sample of 466 participants was recruited in this study, about two-thirds of them were females (64.4%) and had a university education (67.8%). Despite 91% of them having previously heard about vitamin D, only (17.4%) were able to recognize sunlight exposure as a main source of vitamin D. Poor knowledge and positive attitude regarding vitamin D were obviously seen among 72.3% and 95.7%. Although 89% of the participants' family members had been diagnosed with hypovitaminosis D. Only 45% of the sample were willing to be compliant with vitamin D supplement whenever it is needed. The most reported source of information regarding vitamin D among the respondents was mass media (62.2%). The associated variables of good knowledge were female gender (P 0.001), young (P 0.001), unmarried (P 0.006), highly educated (P 0.048), and receiving medical information from physicians (P 0.018). Conclusion:This study reveals the poor level of knowledge about vitamin D deficiency among the Al-Qunfudhah population, and this negatively affected their compliance for vitamin D supplementation when having hypovitaminosis D. Positive attitude toward vitamin D deficiency among the majority of the participants was obvious and may direct them to change their behavior toward vitamin D. Therefore, this study highlights the necessity of educating and sensitizing population about vitamin D and prevention of its deficiency.

No abstract

IntroductionPatient satisfaction is one of the most crucial quality assessment and improvement indicators in anesthesia. Different factors reflect satisfaction such as postoperative pain, procedure duration, patient-physician relationship, inpatient services, and waiting time. A high level of satisfaction can lead to better outcomes in many ways, such as decreasing future surgeries fear and strengthening the healthcare system trust among the population. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction level and its predictors with perioperative anesthesia care among patients subjected to different surgeries in two general hospitals in southwestern Saudi Arabia. MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted among patients admitted to different surgical specialties at two general hospitals in Al-Qunfudhah governorate in October 2022. Data were collected through interviews with postoperative patients and checking their medical data from the patient's medical reports. However, all surgical patients aged more than 18 consider as inclusion. In contrast, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, local anesthesia, refusal to participate, and cognitive and communication impairment are the exclusion. Perioperative patient satisfaction was assessed using the Leiden Perioperative Care Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (LPPSq). ResultsEighty-three of 201 patients were included in the final analysis. The overall level of patient satisfaction concerning perioperative anesthetic care was calculated to be 73.5%. Hospital setting, admission type, BMI, and smoking were statistically associated with perioperative anesthesia patient satisfaction. Additionally, the most frequently reported unpleasant anesthetic side effect was shivering, followed by postoperative pain at a frequency of 42 (50.6%) and 37 (44.6%), respectively. ConclusionA moderate level of patient satisfaction concerning perioperative anesthetic care was detected. Smoking, BMI, admission type, and hospital setting were significantly associated predictors for patients' satisfaction. In order to present a complete picture, we recommend that future research concentrate on additional elements of patient satisfaction, particularly operating room turnover and standards for discharge. Additionally, we propose a routine evaluation before patients' discharge when patients are altering and oriented. Periodic evaluation and enhancement of patient satisfaction with perioperative anesthetic care should be employed and promoted.

Problem statement: Thrombophilia has been recently implicated in early pregnancy loss and IVF implantation failure, by impairing the initial vascularization process occurring at implantation, which is necessary for a successful pregnancy. Approach: The aim of this study is to assess the presence possibility of mutation in thrombophilic genes [Factor V (FV) gene, Prothrombin (PT) gene and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) gene] in women with repeated IVF-embryo transfer failure with unknown causes. The study was performed on patients with two or more previously failed IVF-embryo transfer cycles with unknown causes. Women who conceived spontaneously with no previous history of miscarriage and women who have had successful pregnancy after their first IVF-embryo transfer cycle are included as control groups. Results: There are increase in allelic frequencies of thrombophilic genes (factor V, prothrombin and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) mutation, in addition to genotype frequencies (both homozygote and heterozygote) and increase in frequency of multiple gene mutations among women with IVF-embryo transfer failure. Conclusion: Thrombophilia has a significant role in IVF-embryo transfer implantation failure. Women with repeated IVF-embryo transfer failure should be screened for Thrombophilia to avoid repeated IVF-embryo transfer failure.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) considered one of the foremost common endocrinological diseases, which affects women of childbearing age and their quality of life. Methods: An analytical crosssectional study was conducted among a simple random sample of 826 females whose ages of 18-years-old and above in Al-Qunfudah governorate. Data were collected through a validated, electronic self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge toward PCOS. Results: A total of 826 women from different areas of Al-Qunfudah governorate were recruited in this study, 47.3% of them whose ages between 18 to 24 years and 39.3% were residents of Al-Qunfudah city. A percentage of 11.9 of this study sample self-reported as being previously diagnosed of PCO, of whom 65.3% received treatment. There was a significant association between knowledge score and age (p=0.000), marital status (p=0.036), educational level (p=0.000), prior knowledge about PCOS and its symptoms (p=0.000) and self-reported PCOS diagnosis (p=0.000). Conclusions: Knowledge levels varied among participants of different socio-demographic backgrounds. Better knowledge was evident among younger and married participants, university graduates, participants with previous background regarding PCOS and its symptoms, as well as participants with self-reported PCOS diagnoses.