Prostate cancer (PC) is considered as the fifth cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The exact etiopathogenesis is unclear; however, genetic predisposition, hormonal influencers, lifestyle and environmental factors act as major contributors. It has been found that several miRNAs may play a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression. Here, in this study, we evaluated the peripheral blood levels of miR‐21, miR‐141, miR‐221 and miR‐18a expression among 80 prostate cancer patients (50 localised and 30 metastatic) and 30 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients compared to 50 normal control subjects, using RT‐PCR. Our results of analysis of miR‐21, miR‐141, miR‐18a and miR‐221 in the plasma of PC patients showed that miR‐18a is a powerful discriminator of PC patients from healthy controls as it had the highest AUC (0.966; 95% CI, 0.937–1.000), while miR‐221 provided better differentiation of metastatic from localised PC (sensitivity was 92.9% at 100% specificity), and when we combine miR‐18a and miR‐221 for differentiating patients with MPC, it will increase the sensitivity to 96.4% at a specificity of 100% (AUC, 0.997; 95% CI, 0.988–1.0) (p < .000). This current study recommends that analysis of these miRNAs might have clinical value in enhancing PSA testing.
Compared to the non-elderly, GC in the elderly has similar clinico-pathological characteristics and exhibits comparable outcomes with the same treatment options. Treatments should be tailored to each patient.
Background:
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematologic malignancy, driven by several genetic and epigenetic alterations. MiRNAs as biomarkers is a rapidly growing research area in the last decade. Aim of this study is to study the expression pattern of selected miRNAs and to explore the impact of cytogenetic aberrations in MM patients for therapeutic tools.
Patients and methods:
Forty Egyptian adult patients were selected for the study with symptomatic newly diagnosed MM disease. Bone marrow samples were collected to investigate twelve miRNAs selected according to their relation to the most common cytogenetic aberrations with relevant prognostic value. Relative expression of the selected miRNAs was determined using Real-time PCR technique. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique was performed for cytogenetic analysis.
Results:
Eight miRNAs were down-regulated [miR-15a (p<0.001), miR214-3p (p<0.001), miR135b (p<0.001), miR19a-3p (p<0.001), miR19b-3p ((p=0.026), miR30e-5p (NS), miR133a (NS), miR146a-5p (p<0.001)]. Four miRNAs were up-regulated [miR99b-5p (p=0.028), miR125a-3p (p=0.004), let7b-5p (p<0.001), let7c-5p (p<0.001)]. Significant relation was observed between positive 14q32 rearrangement using the break apart re-arrangement probe for 14q32.33 locus and lower expression levels of miR15a (p= 0.014), 214-3p (p=0.046), 99b-5p (p=0.014), 146a-5p (p=0.041). A higher expression level of miR30e-5p was significantly related to positive 14q32 rearrangement.
Conclusion:
Deregulated miRNAs were identified and the association with 14q32 rearrangement and MM pathogenesis has been determined.
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