Background The user requirements for in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) support apps are understudied. To study usability, functionality, and design based on user requirements, we applied a mixed methods research design using interviews, observations, and a Kano questionnaire to survey perspectives of both physicians and nurses. Objective This study aims to identify what an in-hospital CPR support app should include to meet the requirements and expectations of health care professionals by evaluating the CprPrototype app. Methods We used a mixed methods research design. The qualitative methods consisted of semistructured interviews and observations from an advanced life support (ALS) course; both provided input to the subsequent questionnaire development. The quantitative method is a questionnaire based on the Kano model classifying user requirements as must-be , one-dimensional (attributes causing satisfaction when present and dissatisfaction when absent), attractive , indifferent , and reverse (attributes causing dissatisfaction when present and satisfaction when absent). The questionnaire was supplemented with comment fields. All respondents were physicians and nurses providing ALS at hospitals in the Central Denmark Region. Results A total of 83 physicians and nurses responded to the questionnaire, 15 physicians and nurses were observed during ALS training, and 5 physicians were interviewed. On the basis of the Kano questionnaire, 53% (9/17) of requirements were classified as indifferent , 29% (5/17) as attractive , and 18% (3/17) as one-dimensional . The comments revealed 7 different categories of user requirements with noticeable differences between those of physicians and nurses: technological challenges , keep track of time , documentation and history , disturbing element , improvement areas: functions , improvement areas: design , and better guidance . Conclusions The study provides recommendations to developers on the user requirements that need to be addressed when developing CPR support apps. Three features ( one-dimensional attributes) must be incorporated in an in-hospital CPR support app: reminder of rhythm check , reminder of resuscitation drugs , and differentiate between adults and children . In addition, 5 features ( attractive attributes) would result in higher user satisfaction: a...
This paper evaluates the value of using a mobile digital technology for the purpose of collecting Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) data. We compare the use of a paper-based questionnaire and a mobile application as two different PRO instruments. Based on analysis, we conclude that use of the mobile application allows for a more nuanced picture of patients' health to be established. Implications for diagnosis and medical treatment are discussed along with the need for future research.
Background Health care services are increasingly being digitized, but extant literature shows that digital technologies and applications are often developed without careful consideration of user needs. Research is needed to identify and investigate best-in-class methods to support user-centered design of mHealth applications. Objectives The article investigates how the Kano model can be adapted and used for the purpose of eliciting child patients' information needs during the design phase of mHealth application development. The aim is to demonstrate its applicability for collecting and analyzing patient-centered data that are key to designing technology-supported solutions for health management. Methods The article is based on a mixed-methods case study, which includes interviews with 21 patients aged 6 to 18. Structured interviews are analyzed based on prescriptions of the Kano model. Semi-structured interviews about child patients' information needs are analyzed thematically. Results The results demonstrate several improvements to the Kano model that take into account the difficulties of effectively communicating with child patients. The combination of two types of interviews offers unique insights into the what, how, and why of patients' needs. Adaptation of the Kano model, simplification of response options, and participation of child patients' parents in interviews facilitate data collection. Conclusions The article shows how the Kano model can be adapted to provide an effective means of eliciting child patients' needs. Adapting the model by combining structured and semi-structured interviews makes it a powerful tool in designing mHealth applications.
BACKGROUND We report on a research project at the largest hospital in Denmark. The project investigates the value of using an mHealth application for the purpose of collecting patient-reported outcome data in support of health management. OBJECTIVE This article addresses the following research question: To what extent can the Kano model be used to elicit the information needs of patients as a basis for designing and evaluating a digital technology solution to meet those needs? METHODS The study is carried out using a mixed-methods research design that includes structured interviews based on the Kano model and semi-structured interviews grounded in extant literature to collect and analyze empirical data about patients' information needs. RESULTS Our study shows that semi-structured interviews with children and their parents provide both a valuable and necessary supplement to structured interviews with the children based on the Kano model when trying to understand both manifest and latent information needs. Moreover, the adapted Kano model offers an efficient and cost-effective means of eliciting patients' needs. CONCLUSIONS We are not only able to reproduce and confirm findings from previous studies, but we also show how the Kano model can be adapted to provide an efficient and cost-effective means of eliciting patients' needs.
BACKGROUND The user requirements for in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) support applications (apps) is understudied. To study usability, functionality, and design based on user requirements, we applied a mixed-methods research design using interviews, observations, and a Kano questionnaire to survey perspectives of both physicians and nurses. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify what an in-hospital CPR support app should include to meet the requirements and expectations of healthcare professionals by evaluating the “CprPrototype” app. METHODS We used a mixed-methods research design. The qualitative methods consist of semi-structured interviews and observations from an advanced life support (ALS) course; both provided input to the subsequent questionnaire development. The quantitative method is a questionnaire based on the Kano model classifying user requirements as “Must-be,” “One-dimensional” (attributes causing satisfaction when present and dissatisfaction when absent), “Attractive,” “Indifferent,” and “Reverse” (attributes causing dissatisfaction when present and satisfaction when absent). The questionnaire was supplemented with comment fields. All respondents were physicians and nurses providing ALS at hospitals in the Central Denmark Region. RESULTS In total, 83 responded to the questionnaire, 15 physicians and nurses were observed during ALS training, and five physicians were interviewed. Based on the Kano questionnaire, 53% of requirements were classified as “Indifferent,” 29% as “Attractive,” and 18% as “One-dimensional.” The comments revealed seven different categories of user requirements with noticeable differences between physicians and nurses: “Technological challenges,” “keep track of time,” “documentation/history,” “disturbing element,” “improvement areas: functions,” “improvement areas: design,” and “better guidance.” CONCLUSIONS The study provides recommendations to developers on the user requirements that need to be addressed when developing CPR support apps. Three features (“One-dimensional” attributes) must be incorporated in an in-hospital CPR support app: “Reminder of rhythm check,” “Reminder of resuscitation drugs,” and “Differentiate between adults and children.” Five additional features (“Attractive” attributes) result in higher user satisfaction: “All functions on one side,” “access to the patient journal in the app,” “automatic time recording when cardiac arrest is called,” “sound to guide the chest compression rate (metronome),” and “send CPR history to the DANARREST database.”
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