This study examines how best practices in online instruction are the same as, or different from, best practices in face-to-face (F2F) instruction. The book Effectiveness and Efficiency in Higher Education for Adults summarizes some 20 years of research on best practices in F2F instruction. The bases of comparison are principles from the KS&G material and from Chickering and Gamson’s “seven principles for good practice in undergraduate education”. A reason for making these comparisons is that the rapid growth of online instruction promises that online instruction may become the largest source of ongoing higher education. Not surprisingly, interest in assessing the quality of online offerings has also grown. The question is increasingly raised: Are postsecondary institutions effectively “doing their old job in a new way?”. One way to answer that question is to analyze the online instructional practices of faculty with the aid of research on patterns of instruction, face-to-face and online. This paper is abbreviated from a February 14, 2002 report by Marisa Collett, Morris Keeton and Vivian Shayne of the Institute for Research and Assessment in Higher Education for the Office of Distance Education and Lifelong Learning at the University of Maryland University College.
Methods for processing the electronic spectra of tetragonal chromium(II1) complexes are briefly reviewed. New criteria for assigning the spectra of these complexes are introduced and the data processed to yield a series of crystal field and molecular orbital parameters. The validity of these are discussed with particular reference to the apparent x bond contribution in the chromium ligand bonds.It is concluded that the bonding is better described in ionic rather than covalent terms.
THE reaction of cyclopropane with chloroplatinic acid dissolved in acetic anhydride gives a brown complex, (A), formulated's2 as the polymer (C$6PtCl2),.We have not succeeded in obtaining single crystals of this complex, but the radial distribution function (Figure l), based on powderdiffractometer X-ray data, suggests that the description2 of the structure as a chloro-bridged species is correct. It is to be noted that values of
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