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Highlights d AMs patrol and clean the alveolar spaces d AMs have directed movement toward inhaled bacteria d AM migration is crucial for bacterial clearance d AM migration is impaired during viral infection

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Most multicellular organisms have a major body cavity that harbors immune cells. In primordial species such as purple sea urchins, these cells perform phagocytic functions but are also crucial in repairing injuries. In mammals, the peritoneal cavity contains large numbers of resident GATA6+ macrophages, which may function similarly. However, it is unclear how cavity macrophages suspended in the fluid phase (peritoneal fluid) identify and migrate toward injuries. In this study, we used intravital microscopy to show that cavity macrophages in fluid rapidly form thrombus-like structures in response to injury by means of primordial scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains. Aggregates of cavity macrophages physically sealed injuries and promoted rapid repair of focal lesions. In iatrogenic surgical situations, these cavity macrophages formed extensive aggregates that promoted the growth of intra-abdominal scar tissue known as peritoneal adhesions.

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Highlights d P. aeruginosa keratitis infections result in biofilm formation on the cornea d NETs form at the base of the biofilm, triggered by the type-3 secretion system (T3SS) d NETs stop bacterial dissemination into the brain but promote antibiotic resistance d Blocking exopolysaccharide Psl and the T3SS allowed neutrophils to break down the biofilm

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