This paper describes the transient dynamics behavior of oil flow in a pipe with the presence of one or two leaks through fluid dynamics simulations using the Ansys CFX commercial software. The pipe section is three-dimensional with a pipe length of 10 m, a pipe diameter of 20 cm, and leak diameter of 1.6 mm. The interest of this work is to evaluate the influence of the flow velocity, and the number and position of leaks on the transient pressure behavior. These new data may provide support for more efficient detection systems. Thus, this work intends to contribute to the development of tools of operations in oil and gas industry.
In the manufacturing process of ceramic brick, the step of drying needs the control of process variables to uniformly dry the porous material, producing a good end-product. The majority of numerical simulations involving drying of ceramic materials is performed considering only the solid domain, resulting in a very simplified and limited study. This way, the objective of this work is the analysis of the drying process with hot air of an industrial hollow clay brick inside the oven at different temperatures by using computational fluid dynamic (CFD). The results of the temperature and water mass distribution inside the brick and of air in the oven at different times of the drying process are shown, analyzed and checked with experimental data, and it was obtained in a concordance with the data. An equation to calculate the brick water mass diffusivity depending on the drying air temperature was proposed.
The transport of oil and its derivates are done, mostly, by pipeline. The time to detect leaks has to be short for preventing big disasters in the nature and decreasing losses for industries. The techniques available for leak detection vary from visual inspection to the use of computational techniques such as mathematical modeling. This paper aims to study the fluid dynamics of two-phase flow (water-oil) in the pipe with leakage. The equations of the mass and momentum conservation are numerically solved by using the ANSYS ® CFX commercial code with the aid of a structured mesh of a horizontal pipe with three holes of leaks. The Eulerian-Eulerian model was adopted considering the oil as continuous phase and water as dispersed phase, and constant fluid properties. With profiles of pressure and volume fraction along the time in the pipe, the influence of leakage on the single-phase (oil) and two-phase (water-oil) was evaluated.
The drying process is a step of ceramic brick production which requires the control of process variables to provide a final product with a porous uniform structure, reducing superficial and volumetric defects and production costs. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an important tool in this process control, predicting the drying physical phenomenon and providing data that improve the industrial efficiency production. Furthermore, research involving CFD brick drying has neglected the effects of oven parameters, limiting the analysis only to the bricks. In this sense, the aim of this work is to numerically study the hot air-drying process of an industrial hollow ceramic brick in an oven at 70 °C. The results of the water mass and temperature distributions inside the brick, as well as moisture, temperature, velocity and pressure fields of the oven drying air at different process times are shown, analyzed and compared with experimental data, presenting a good agreement.
RESUMO -Diante o grande número de acidentes na indústria petrolífera envolvendo dutos, diversas pesquisas vêm buscando o aperfeiçoamento das tecnologias de detecção de vazamento, mas para isto se faz necessário o conhecimento do comportamento do fluido no interior da tubulação. A análise de escoamento em dutos contendo vazamento, através de perfis de velocidade, temperatura e pressão, por exemplo, é muitas vezes viável de ser realizada utilizando modelos computacionais, visto que os parâmetros podem ser modificados com uma maior facilidade, o que possibilita um aumento na variedade de ensaios. O trabalho exposto no artigo consiste em simular em CFD (fluidodinâmica computacional) o escoamento de petróleo em uma tubulação contendo uma conexão tê e um vazamento no duto principal. O objetivo principal do trabalho é analisar como as vazões nas seções de entrada influenciam na detecção do vazamento. INTRODUÇÃOMuitos acidentes industriais envolvem o rompimento de tubulações, causados por corrosões, falha de soldagem ou forças naturais, resultando em grandes prejuízos ambientais e financeiros. As redes de dutos são monitoradas de forma a detectar com rapidez o início de um vazamento para que as medidas cabíveis sejam realizadas para evitar ou amenizar desastres.A localização da tubulação é um fator extremamente importante e que deve ser considerada na escolha do método de detecção de vazamentos, pois a sensibilidade do equipamento pode ser influenciada por fatores externos, como, por exemplo, as correntes marítimas, em caso de dutos no mar, o clima, em dutos expostos ao ar livre e as propriedades do subsolo, em dutos enterrados. As redes de dutos são formadas por tubos de diversos diâmetros e acessórios a exemplo de válvulas, joelhos e conexões tê. Logo, estes acessórios também devem ser considerados na escolha do método de monitoramento.Diversas pesquisas vêm sendo desenvolvidas visando o aperfeiçoamento das tecnologias de detecção de vazamento, onde é necessário o conhecimento do comportamento do(s) fluido(s) no interior da tubulação ; Barbosa et al., 2012; Habib et al., 2012 e Sousa, 2007.
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