BACKGROUNDUrinary Tract Infections (UTI) are the most common and important nosocomial infections, especially among diabetic patients. Emergence of multi-drug resistance and biofilm formation by these pathogens lead to chronic and recurrent infections. Our study aims at detection of multi-drug resistant uropathogens and biofilm formation by them.Aims and Objective-Identification and isolation of significant multi-drug resistant uropathogens in diabetic patients. Detection of biofilm formation by these multi-drug resistant uropathogens by TCP, TM and CRA methods and comparison of these three methods for their efficacy.Settings and Design-This is a hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study carried out among the Diabetic patients suffering from UTI in a tertiary care hospital for a period of six months.
BACKGROUNDThe cornea is usually kept free from microbial invasion due to the intact epithelium and cleansing effect of the tears. Corne al ulceration is defined as any disruption to the intact epithelium with underlying stromal infiltration and suppuration associated with signs of inflammation, the organism either being implanted from without or from the conjunctival flora. Exceptions to the rule are Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which are able to invade an intact epithelium. These organisms have the potential to cause microbial keratitis and corneal ulceration, given the appropriate condition and predisposing risk factors. A wide spectrum of microbial organisms like bacteria, virus, fungus and parasite can produce infectious corneal ulcers. The fungal isolates commonly associated with infectious corneal ulceration are Aspergillus species, Penicillium species and Fusarium species. The commonly encountered aetiological agents of fungal corneal ulcers show wide geographical variation. Breakdown of corneal defence mechanism will allow entry of microorganisms to lodge in the corneal stroma. Activation of compliment and release of mycotoxins result in suppurative corneal ulceration.
BACKGROUNDThe increasing number of persons above 65 years of age forms a special population at risk for infections. The vulnerability of this age group is related to impaired host defences such as diminished cell-mediated immunity. LRTIs place a considerable strain on the health budget and are more serious than upper respiratory infections. Accurate diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in older people is problematic because of the lack of clear symptoms and signs. In addition, the increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance to antibiotic therapy has complicated the antimicrobial selection process and highlights the importance of appropriate treatment.
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