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Fire prevention requires a specific treatment subject to the innate characteristics of a territory and to the social interaction that takes place there. The present article deals with very different fire behaviors in two neighboring environments, in which unequal ignitory patterns have been identified. The analyzed environments constitute two prototypes of Mediterranean landscape in the region of Catalonia (Spain). The periurban-fire pattern is identified with the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona. The rural-fire pattern is observed in the county of Bages, with a far more sparse population structure. Sample observations were drawn from databases containing a compilation of ignitions occurring in these two environments during the period from 1987 to 1998. Analysis shows that the distribution of ignitions in the more urban areas is much more concentrated, whereas ignitions in rural areas are far more dispersed, and therefore more difficult to detect. The importance of the present article lies in the identification of the factors determining the patterns of development of ignitions in two very different territories, affected by diverse external pressures. Finally, guidelines for preventive policies adapted to these situations are given, taking into account the specific and differentiated characteristics relevant to each case.

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This article investigates the urban and economic revitalisation of a traditional industrial working-class neighbourhood into a knowledge-based economic district. It explores why and how this new district is the result of an assertive public policy led by Barcelona's city council and implemented by a quasi-public agency. The project represents the most important urban-growth strategy in the city at the turn of the century and also exemplifies the advantages and shortcomings of many of the policy elements that have contributed to the radical transformation of Barcelona in recent decades. The article further highlights methodological challenges regarding the conceptualisation and operationalisation of new economic activities and it discusses the spatial and uncertain economic consequences of this ambitious approach by the local government.

a b s t r a c tAirport capacity continues to be one of the air transport issues that creates the most concern. The major environmental constraint for airports is the noise generated by aircraft. Annoyed communities living around airports have become a limiting factor for airport capacity and operability. This paper brings together the existing literature in the fields of airport environmental capacity, non-acoustic factors of noise annoyance, NIMBYism and environmental conflicts. We also analyze the socio-environmental conflict between Barcelona airport and the community of Gavà Mar. This case shows that the lack of trust between parties, the impossibility of predicting noise exposure, the absence of opportunities for civil society to speak and the difficulty of accessing relevant information foster annoyance and mobilization in the communities that live around the airport. In addition, it is shown that, in such a situation, communities' reactions can evolve to a post-NIMBY stage in which proactive attitudes replace reactive ones.

resumen -El objetivo de este artículo es analizar como el crecimiento econó-mico de Barcelona desde mediados de los años noventa se ha basado en la producción de una economía de servicios avanzados, en el que las estrategias de creación de imagen y el turismo han jugado un papel primordial. En este proceso destaca el papel promotor de macro-eventos como los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992, los cuales han sido herramientas de cambio del modelo económico de Barcelona; y se identifica la importancia de la colaboración público-privada y la planificación estratégica. Se analiza el impacto económico del turismo para la ciudad en el periodo 1990-2010, y se concluye con una reflexión en torno a las implicaciones sobre el espacio público que esta estrategia de crecimiento conlleva.Palabras clave: Barcelona, turismo, desarrollo económico, espacio público, marketing. resumo -criação de iMageM, VisiBilidade e turisMo. estratégias de cresciMento econóMico coM futuro? O objectivo deste artigo é analisar o crescimento económico de Barcelona, desde meados dos anos 90, baseado numa economia de serviços avançados, onde as estratégias de criação da imagem e a dinamização do turismo tiveram papel primordial. Neste processo destaca-se o papel promotor de macro-eventos, como os Jogos Olímpicos de 1992, ferramentas para a mudança do modelo económico de Barcelona, salienta-se a importância da colaboração público-privada e da planificação estratégica e analisa-se o impacto económico do turismo para a cidade no período de 1990-2010. Conclui-se com uma reflexão em torno das implicações sobre o espaço público que esta estratégia de crescimento encerra. Abstract -iMage creation, VisiBility and tourisM. growth strategies for the future? The aim of this paper is to analyse how Barcelona's economic growth since the 1990s has been based on the production of advanced services, in which image creation and tourism have played a key role. In this context, we emphasise the role played by macro-events, such as the 1992 Olympic Games, which have brought about important changes to Barcelona's economic model, and we highlight the importance of public-private partnerships and strategic planning. Additionally, we analyse the economic impact of tourism upon the city in the period 1990-2010, and we conclude with some reflections on the implications upon public space entailed by this growth strategy. Palavras

This paper examines Ildefons Cerdà's 1860 Plan for the Urban Expansion of Barcelona; specifically, how and why it was conceived in a unique way, in which the provision of services to the population was an important part. Cerdà based his expansion proposal on an in-depth socio-statistical study of old Barcelona's population conditions. The high mortality rates of the working-class population and poor health and education conditions pushed Cerdà to design a new type of urban planning, which he defined as "urbanism". In his proposal for the new city, he planned the location of services such as marketplaces, schools and hospitals. The first part of this paper introduces the urban and political preconditions of Barcelona and the statistics on which Cerdà based his contribution. The second part uses location theory and a geographic information system (GIS) to analyse the pattern of location and the population served by markets and hospitals. In addition, topographic maps from 1926 and 1975 are used to study the development of the expansion up to when it was fully developed. The evolution of the city differed from Cerdà's proposal, partly due to unexpected increases in population density, the built environment, and higher amounts of building occupation. Nevertheless, Cerdà's layout of streets and avenues has prevailed.

a b s t r a c tThis paper presents a free available dataset, the CORINE land cover that helps dealing with the biases caused by pre-defined and heterogeneous census district boundaries in airport catchment area analysis in Europe. Using this dataset and a conventional GIS software it is possible to measure the size of the population within catchment areas at the same spatial level for all EU airports, allowing for consistent comparisons among airports. To illustrate the potential of the CORINE/GIS approach, the size of the population in the catchment areas of all European airports was determined. The empirical exercise has an aggregate perspective, but this database presents many other possibilities of analysis to perform in a case-by-case basis.