Childhood obesity has become epidemic in developed as well as developing countries. Apart from genetic factors, changes of lifestyle like consumption of excess calorie rich food, lack of physical activity and increased screen time are major contributing factors for childhood obesity. Many co-morbid conditions like cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, hepatic, pulmonary, orthopedic, and renal disorders are associated with childhood obesity. It has both immediate medical complications as well as long term health consequences in later life. The most hazardous consequences like the cardiovascular disorder occur due to early athrosclerotic process which is accelerated due to dyslipidemia. As a result dyslipidemia is an important etiologic factor for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is a leading cause of death in adulthood throughout the world. As abnormal vascular changes begins in childhood, and as dyslipidemia is an significant risk factor for CVD, screening and treatment of dyslipidemia in obese children and adolescents are an important health issue to prevent development metabolic syndrome and its consequences. Bangladesh J Child Health 2018; VOL 42 (3) :148-154

Background: Childhood obesity is becoming an epidemic globally as well as in Bangladesh. Although several risk factors are identified for overweight or obesity, limited studies have been done in our country. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in Bangladesh. Methodology: It was a cross sectional study done in children, aged 5 to 16 years, attending the Paediatric Endocrine Clinic and Paediatric Outpatient Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka over a period of 18 months. Overweight and obese children as well as normal weight children were selected after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were classified as case (overweight/obese) and control (normal weight) according to the Center‘s’ for Disease Control and Prevention age and sex specific growth chart. Among a total of 150 children 100 were cases and 50 were controls. Results: Majority of children in both the groups were male. Among cases 77% were obese and 23% were overweight. Analyzing the risk factors, it was found that first issue had 2.66 times, watching TV >3 hr had 4.47 times, breast feeding <6 month had 4.16 times, daily more caloric intake (approx.) had 17.36 times and maternal BMI >24.9 had 2.70 times increased risk to develop obesity. Conclusion: The first issue, excess television watching, lack of exclusive breast feeding, excess calorie intake and having overweight/obese mother had higher risk to develop overweight or obesity in children and adolescents. Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (1) :9-14

Introduction: Obesity in childhood is associated with many co-morbid conditions; one of them is alteration of glucose metabolism. Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 overweight and obese children aged 5-16 years to determine the status of pre-diabetes (IFG and IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), attending the OPD, BSMMU, Dhaka. All overweight/obese children were included according to BMI for age and sex using CDC growth chart. Children taking steroid for any cause or having any endocrine disorder or syndrome was excluded from the study. Anthropometry and blood pressure measurement were done and skin manifestations of insulin resistance were looked for. Fasting lipid profile and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was done for each child. Result: Among the studied children 62% were male and 38% female, 77% were obese and 23% were over weight. Evidence of insulin resistance were found among most of the children and most common evidence was dyslipidemia (80%) followed by acanthosis nigricans(76%). Skin manifestation of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was found in 3% of children. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was found in 4% and Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) was found in 7% of children among them 4% had both IGT and IFT. No child was found diabetic in this study. Conclusion:Altered glucose metabolism was present in overweight and obese children of our children, so screening is recommended. Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :143-147

Background: Obesity has become one of the most important public health problems in recent years. Childhood obesity increases the risk of morbidities such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), metabolic syndrome etc. Dyslipidemia pattern consists of a combination of elevated total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Aim of this study was to assess fasting lipid profile and pattern of dyslipidemia in overweight and obese children in a hospital setting. Methods: It was a cross sectional study done in children, aged 5 to 16 years, attending the paediatric endocrine clinic and paediatric outpatient department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka over a period of 18 months. All overweight and obese children as well as normal weight children were selected after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were categorised as group A (overweight and obese) and group B (normal weight). Results: In group A, 77.0% of children were obese and 23.0% were overweight. Total cholesterol, LDL and TG were significantly higher in group A (p<0.05). HDL was low in 58.0% of group A and 52.0% of group B which was not significantly different (p>0.05) between the groups. Most of the overweight and obese children had one or two lipid parameters abnormality but majority of normal weight children had one parameter abnormality. Dyslipidaemia was present in 80.0% and 64.0% among group A and group B respectively, which was significantly different (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that 80.0% patients had dyslipidaemia among the overweight and obese children and total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triglyceride level were significantly higher in this group. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2019; 45: 81-85

Introduction: Among adolescent girls, iron deficiency is not uncommon due to various factors. During this period, iron deficiency anemia can greatly impact various factors of daily life, and additional iron supplementation might be needed. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to observe the benefits and side effects of iron folate tablet supplementation in adolescent women garments workers. Methods: This cross-sectional observational and descriptive study was conducted with the female adolescent garment workers of one garment factory located in the Narayangonj district. The data collection for the study was done in a very short period of time, from the 1st week of April to the 2nd week of July 2002, which led to a small sample size of 188 adolescent female workers. Result: Among the participants, 98.40% were Muslim, over half the participants were unmarried, 46.28% had been illiterate, and 51.06% had education up to class 1-3, Among the 81 married cases, 45.68% had husbands who received education from class 1-5, 48.94% had 2- 5 family member, 46.81% had 6-9 family members, and 4.26% had 10-12 family members. The financial characteristics of the participants revealed that 35.11% had 1500-3000 monthly income, 58.51% of the participants had 3-5 earning members, and 40.96% had only 1-2 earning member’s Per capita income was between 286-600 for 34.57% of participants, between 601-1000 for 53.19% participants. It was observed that in 3rd week, 43.62% had good health, 28.72% had increased work performance, and 13.83% had been free from sickness. By 4th week, 38.83% had good health, 25.00% had increased work performance and 10.11% had been free from sickness, which was true for the following weeks as well. In terms of side effects, anorexia, constipation, black stool, and vomiting were observed, with the highest frequency in 4th week of iron supplementation. Conclusion: The study observed that socio-demographic factors had no effect on the acceptance or reluctance ...