The depression of evoked cortical potentials caused by brief periods of cerebral ischemia is attenuated by prior intracarotid injection of cytidoline (2, 4 or 8 mg/kg). Studies performed in hypercapnic cats suggest that the protection afforded by cytidoline is of metabolic rather than hemodynamic origin. The participation of the central dopaminergic structures by the drug is suggested according to the previous data.
The conditioned avoidance response and the cerebral levels of dopamine and noradrenaline have been studied in control rats and in rats submitted to a hypobaric hypoxia. A protection against the effects of hypoxia was induced by both dihydroergocornine (20 µg/kg) and dihydroergocryptine (100 µg/kg), and the noradrenaline level did not decrease. This stabilization of cerebral noradrenaline level seems to be the main protection factor observed.
Influence des événements stressants sur la sévérité de la plainte mnésique chez des sujets cognitivement normaux âgés de 25 à 85 ansStressful events and severity of memory complaints in cognitively normal adults aged from 25 to 85 years Résumé. La relation entre la plainte mnésique et événements stressants (ES) a été peu explorée. Dans les années 1980, Broadbent et al. (1982 avaient suggéré que les difficultés cognitives subjectives représentaient un élément de vulnérabilité vis-à-vis des stress psychosociaux, distinct de l'anxiété et du type de personnalité. Dans cette perspective, nous avons examiné les relations entre l'intensité de la plainte mnésique et la présence ou non d'ES chez 260 sujets cognitivement normaux, âgés de 25 à 85 ans et examinés au cours d'une même année dans le cadre d'une Consultation Mémoire. Le recueil des ES a été effectué en demandant au sujet s'il considérait avoir vécu un ou plusieurs événements ayant retenti de faç on négative sur sa santé physique ou psychique dans les 12 mois précédant la consultation. Les résultats de cette étude montrent qu'il n'existait pas de relation directe entre l'intensité de la plainte mnésique et la survenue d'ES au cours de l'année précédente. Les sujets présentant des ES présentaient toutefois une plus grande sévérité des plaintes mnésiques, mais également des scores plus élevés aux échelles de dépression et d'anxiété et des scores inférieurs à l'échelle de bien-être. Cette étude nous paraît conforter l'idée que la plainte mnésique témoigne d'une vulnérabilité psychologique qui impliquerait une diminution de l'estime de soi et du sentiment d'identité.Abstract. The relationships between subjective cognitive difficulties and stressful events (SE) have rarely been examined. Broadbent et al. (1982) suggested that such difficulties disclose a high sensitivity to stress, independently of depression and personality. Objective: To explore the relationships between the severity of memory complaints and SE occurred during the previous year. Methods: 260 cognitively normal subjects, aged from 25 to 85 years were examined in a Memory clinic through one year. The severity of memory complaints was globally assessed by asking the participants to qualify the intensity of their subjective difficulties as major or minor, and quantitatively, by using a 8-item subjective memory scale. SE were assessed by asking the subjects whether they experienced one or more events that had negative effects on their physic or mental well-being in the domains of health, family, social environment and financial position during the last 12 months. Affective status was assessed by the Zung's depression (ZD) and anxiety (ZA) scales, and by a Wellbeing questionnaire, QBE. Cognition was assessed using a semi-computerized battery exploring memory and several cognitive abilities. Results: SE were reported in 156 subjects (60%). No differences were found between subjects with or without SE according to age, genre, familial status and activity, as well as cognitive performance. Subjects with SE r...
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