PurposeThe aim of the present study is to give insights into the interplay between leadership, well‐being and occupational success by examining the indirect effect of transformational leadership on subjective occupational success mediated by work engagement.Design/methodology/approachA gender‐sensitive approach was applied in order to reveal possible differences in the relations and to deduce gender‐specific recommendations. Data were retrieved from 530 women and 602 men. The participants were questioned on their leader's behavior, their work engagement, and occupational success.FindingsResults show significant positive relations between transformational leadership, work engagement, and subjective occupational success for men and women. Work engagement is found to partially mediate the relation between transformational leadership and subjective occupational success. A significantly higher mediation effect was found for women, although the mediation is present in both gender groups.Practical implicationsBoth for men and women transformational leadership training, as well as interventions promoting work engagement, are promising approaches for the enhancement of occupational success.Originality/valueThe findings advance the understanding of how leaders enhance employees' occupational success and provide gender‐specific insights into the mediating mechanism of work engagement regarding this relation.

Background Simulation study results suggest that COVID-19 contact tracing apps have the potential to achieve pandemic control. Concordantly, high app adoption rates were a stipulated prerequisite for success. Early studies on potential adoption were encouraging. Several factors predicting adoption rates were investigated, especially pertaining to user characteristics. Since then, several countries have released COVID-19 contact tracing apps. Objective This study’s primary aim is to investigate the quality characteristics of national European COVID-19 contact tracing apps, thereby shifting attention from user to app characteristics. The secondary aim is to investigate associations between app quality and adoption. Finally, app features contributing to higher app quality were identified. Methods Eligible COVID-19 contact tracing apps were those released by national health authorities of European Union member states, former member states, and countries of the European Free Trade Association, all countries with comparable legal standards concerning personal data protection and app use voluntariness. The Mobile App Rating Scale was used to assess app quality. An interdisciplinary team, consisting of two health and two human–computer interaction scientists, independently conducted Mobile App Rating Scale ratings. To investigate associations between app quality and adoption rates and infection rates, Bayesian linear regression analyses were conducted. Results We discovered 21 national COVID-19 contact tracing apps, all demonstrating high quality overall and high-level functionality, aesthetics, and information quality. However, the average app adoption rate of 22.9% (SD 12.5%) was below the level recommended by simulation studies. Lower levels of engagement-oriented app design were detected, with substantial variations between apps. By regression analyses, the best-case adoption rate was calculated by assuming apps achieve the highest ratings. The mean best-case adoption rates for engagement and overall app quality were 39.5% and 43.6%, respectively. Higher adoption rates were associated with lower cumulative infection rates. Overall, we identified 5 feature categories (symptom assessment and monitoring, regularly updated information, individualization, tracing, and communication) and 14 individual features that contributed to higher app quality. These 14 features were a symptom checker, a symptom diary, statistics on COVID-19, app use, public health instructions and restrictions, information of burden on health care system, assigning personal data, regional updates, control over tracing activity, contact diary, venue check-in, chats, helplines, and app-sharing capacity. Conclusions European national health authorities have generally released high quality COVID-19 contact tracing apps, with regard to functionality, aesthetics, and information quality. However, the app’s engagement-oriented design generally was of lower quality, even though regression analyses results identify engagement as a promising optimization target to increase adoption rates. Associations between higher app adoption and lower infection rates are consistent with simulation study results, albeit acknowledging that app use might be part of a broader set of protective attitudes and behaviors for self and others. Various features were identified that could guide further engagement-enhancing app development.

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The purpose of this article is to present and evaluate a blended couple coaching for smallbusiness owners and their spouses (copreneurs) to help them psychologically detach from work, which is a particularly powerful recovery experience, and ameliorate emotional exhaustion, which is the core dimension of burnout. Blended couple coaching was chosen because of the high workload of small-business owners, the frequent involvement of their spouses in their entrepreneurial venture, and the influence of spouses on behavior change, recovery, and wellbeing. The coaching was based on the neuroscientific Zurich Resource Model (ZRM). We combined realist evaluation with a quasi-experimental design and process evaluation using mixed methods. Copreneurs of small craft businesses (N = 32) were approached through trade guilds in their regional networks. Compared to the control group and after controlling for pretest scores, ANCOVAs showed an effect on detachment of h 2 = .28 (p = .004) 3 weeks after the final coaching session, and effects of h 2 = .13 on detachment (p = .061) and h 2 = .12 on exhaustion (p = .072) 4 months later among the intervention participants. Spousal social support during coaching was the mechanism of change that predicted both coaching satisfaction 3 weeks after the final coaching session (p = .004) and goal attainment 4 months later (p = .007). Somatic markers also predicted goal attainment (p = .004). Working alliance between the coach and client did not play the expected role in this coaching format. What's It Mean? Implications for Consulting PsychologyGiven the growing attention to entrepreneurs' well-being in both research and practice, this paper presents an innovative coaching intervention to foster recovery and ameliorate burnout, and it identifies some elements likely to contribute