Background: The aim of present study was to examine early childhood caries' impact on oral health-related quality of life from children's self report and parental perception. Methods: 200 healthy children in the age group of 3-5 years and their parents/guardians were enrolled in the study. 100 children diagnosed with early childhood caries (interventional group) and 100 children without caries (control group) along with their parents/guardians participated in face to face interview and responded to Michigan oral health related quality of life scale-child and parent version. Four weeks after full mouth rehabilitation children with ECC and their parents responded to a survey for a follow-up assessment. Data was analyzed and evaluated using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 21.0 statistical software and Chi square test. Results: In our study we have found that ECC subjects had poorer oral health-related quality of life compared to caries free subjects. Further one month follow up after complete treatment, the oral health-related QoL improved significantly in ECC children. Conclusions: Early childhood caries has a definite negative impact on the OHRQoL of children. At one month follow up after complete oral rehabilitation, the quality of life improved significanty as assessed by children's self reports as well as parental perceptions of their child's OHRQoL.

Amalgam has been used in dentistry since about 150 years and is still being used due to its low cost, ease of application, strength, durability, and bacteriostatic effect. When aesthetics is not a concern it can be used in individuals of all ages, in stress bearing areas, foundation for cast-metal and ceramic restorations and poor oral hygiene conditions. Besides all, it has other advantages like if placed under ideal conditions, it is more durable and long lasting and least technique sensitive of all restorative materials, but, concern has been raised that amalgam causes mercury toxicity. Mercury is found in the earth's crust and is ubiquitous in the environment, so even without amalgam restorations everyone is exposed to small but measurable amount of mercury in blood and urine. Dental amalgam restorations may raise these levels slightly, but this has no practical or clinical significance. The main exposure to mercury from dental amalgam occurs during placement or removal of restoration in the tooth. Once the reaction is complete less amount of mercury is released, and that is far below the current health standard. Though amalgam is capable of producing delayed hypersensitivity reactions in some individuals, if the recommended mercury hygiene procedures are followed the risks of adverse health effects could be minimized. For this review the electronic databases and PubMed were used as data sources and have been evaluated to produce the facts regarding amalgam's safety and toxicity.

Background: Platelets and their activity have a crucial role in acute coronary events. Larger platelets are enzymatically and metabolically more active and have a higher potential thrombotic ability as compared with smaller platelets.

Aims: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of active epilepsy, assess the sociodemographic profile, and psychological aspects of epilepsy in the Jaipur district of Rajasthan, India. Methods: We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional observational study covering both rural (n = 165,660) and urban (n = 179,142) populations of Jaipur district using a house-to-house survey. An adapted, pre-designed World Health Organization screening questionnaire was used to identify the cases. Those confirmed by neurologists as true seizures were included in the study. Cases were classified as per the International League against Epilepsy recommendation. Global Mental Health Assessment Tool electronic questionnaire was used to analyze psychological aspects of cases. The caregivers of the patients participated in the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey. Results: A total of 380 patients (258 men, 122 women) were identified with active epilepsy. The estimated prevalence of active epilepsy was 1.1/1,000 population and 71% of cases belonged to low socioeconomic classes. Primary treatment gap was documented in 18.8% of cases in our study, 38% of cases were non-compliant to treatment with poorer compliance in those on pol-therapy, 76% had some psychiatric disorder, anxiety and depression being the commonest, and positive family history of epilepsy was found in 4.7%. KAP survey revealed that only 15% of the respondents believed that epilepsy is non-curable, 74% denied its infectious nature, 26% believed that epilepsy occurs due to past sins, and 81% said that they would not marry persons with epilepsy. Conclusion: A relatively low prevalence (1.1/1,000) of active epilepsy and a smaller primary treatment gap (18.8%) was found in our study population. Almost three-fourth of cases had an associated psychological problem, Though caregivers were aware of the nature of disease, majority would not prefer to marry a person suffering from epilepsy.

Based on observations done during the course of study herbal rinse proved equally effective as 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate in reducing S. viridans counts and plaque accumulation after 1 week of intervention, whereas probiotic rinse was least effective. However, long-term clinical trial with larger sample size needs to be undertaken, especially to evaluate beneficial effects of biogenic agents such as herbal and probiotic rinses.