Dental erosion is the irreversible pathological loss of hard tissues, which are chemically dissolved by acids, especially through external means, such as diet (e.g., fruit juices, isotonic or energy drinks). This systematic review was designed to answer the question “Is there a relationship between dental erosion and regular physical activity with or without sports drink consumption?” Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, sixteen studies were included in this systematic review (according to PRISMA statement guidelines). Based on the meta-analysis, physically active individuals who declared regular consumption of sports drinks had a more than 2.5-fold increase in the odds of erosive lesions. In general, nearly half of the people who practiced sports experienced tooth erosion, and more than half frequently consumed sports beverages. Despite the heterogeneity of the included studies (different age groups, various sports disciplines), regular physical activity was associated with an increased risk of dental erosion, especially under the influence of frequent consumption of sports drinks.

Background: There is still an ongoing debate about the role of the craniomandibular system, including occlusal conditions, on postural stability. This study aims to assess the role of antero-posterior malocclusion on postural control and plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking. Methods: 90 healthy volunteers (aged 19 to 35) were qualified for the study. The subjects were assigned to three groups, depending on the occlusion type. Each group (Angle Class I, II and III) consisted of 30 people. The research procedure included a clinical occlusal assessment performed by a dentist. Postural control measurements were carried out using a force platform by measuring plantar pressure distribution during standing (six trials with and without visual control) and walking test conditions. Results: The tendency to shift the CoP forward is demonstrated by Angle Class II subjects and backwards by Class I and III subjects (p < 0.001). Individuals with a malocclusion demonstrated significantly higher selected stabilographic parameters while standing on both feet (with eyes open and closed) and during the single-leg test with eyes open (p < 0.05). The analysis of the dynamic test results showed no significant correlations between Angle Classes and the selected gait parameters. Conclusions: Analyses conducted among individuals with malocclusions showed the impact of occlusion on static postural stability. In order to diagnose and effectively treat malocclusion, a multidisciplinary approach with the participation of dentists and physiotherapy specialists is necessary, with the use of stabilometric and kinematic posture assessments.

Background: The objective of the study was to assess the functional status of people who regularly climb for recreational purposes, using the FMS (Functional Movement Screen) and core stability tests (McGill's torso muscular endurance tests). This paper also attempts to determine the relation between the assessment of functional efficiency and the results obtained in core stability tests. Material and methods: The study group were consisted of 30 amateur climbers (aged 26 ±3), who were compared to a control group of 30 people who don’t climb but recreationally practice volleyball (aged 22 ±3). All participants performed each of the seven FMS trials and the three McGill's tests. Results: Amateur climbers, in comparison to non-climbers, were achieved higher scores in each of the core stability trials (p<0,05). Climbers also scored significantly higher results in all FMS trials as well as in the final average (19,0 3 ±1,54 vs. 16,60 ±3,60; p<0,01). In addition, there were found positive correlations between FMS and core stability trials in the group of climbers (Deep Squad vs. Side bridge test; In-Line Lunge vs. Side bridge test; Rotational Stability vs. all trials of the core stability test). Conclusions: People recreational practicing climbing are characterized by a high level of functional efficiency and above-average levels of deep trunk muscles endurance, responsible for the proper functioning of the central stabilization. Relationship between the overall results of the FMS and the core stability tests in the climbers' group shows that proper stability training, which is a part of the climbers training, may result in higher athletes’ performance.

Cancers are the leading cause of death worldwide. The most common cancers include breast, lung, and colorectum. Salivary metabolome profiling is a novel non-invasive method in oncological diagnosis. This systematic review was designed to answer the question “Are salivary metabolites reliable for the diagnosis of systemic cancers?”. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nineteen studies were included (according to PRISMA statement guidelines). Changes in salivary metabolome were most commonly determined in patients with breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, and lung cancer. Most studies involved unstimulated whole saliva as the diagnostic material, evaluated by different spectroscopic methods. Among the found saliva metabolites, the alterations in the metabolic pathways of amino acids and polyamines were most frequently observed, which showed significant predictive values in oncological diagnostics. The most frequently encountered risks of bias were the absence of data regarding blinding, sample size justification, and randomisation. In conclusion, salivary metabolites seem to be potentially reliable for detecting the most common systemic cancers. However, further research is desirable to confirm these outcomes and to detect new potential metabolic biomarkers in saliva.

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