<p>About 10% of the world’s workforce is directly dependent on agriculture for income and about 99% of food consumed by humans comes from farming. Agriculture is highly climate dependent and with global warming and rapidly changing weather it has become necessary to closely monitor the environment of growing crops for maximizing output as well as increasing food security while minimizing resource usage. In this study, we developed a low cost system which will monitor the temperature, humidity, light intensity and soil moisture of crops and send it to an online server for storage and analysis, based on this data the system can control actuators to control the growth parameters. The three tier system architecture consists of sensors and actuators on the lower level followed by an 8-bit AVR microcontroller which is used for data acquisition and processing topped by an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module which communicates with the internet server. The system uses relay to control actuators such as pumps to irrigate the fields; online weather data is used to optimize the irrigation cycles. The prototyped system was subject to several tests, the experimental results express the systems reliability and accuracy which accentuate its feasibility in real-world applications.</p>
In the modern era transmission line is the most important part of the power system. Its allegiance and requirement of power is grown up exponentially. The major role of transmission lines is to transmit electric power from the source area to distribution network. Transmission line protection is an important issue in power system because 85-87% of power system faults are occurring in transmission line. Energy leakage is one of the major problems that corporates faces in recent times. Only way to solve this problem is to come up with a mechanism that can detect the fault in transmission line automatically and intimate the authorities with a specific location. In this work the device uses the sensor to sense the voltage flow in the transmission line and detect if there is a variation in the voltage flow. If fault is detected, it can be automatically controlled by using relay and the system is also integrated with IoT mechanism, to intimate the responsible person with location information.
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