BACKGROUND Complications of pregnancy are common emergency department (ED) complaints. Care for pregnant patients will be significantly impacted by the increasing individual state level restrictions on reproductive healthcare following the repeal of Roe v. Wade. To address these changes, the population of pregnant patients must be clearly understood, but this population is not well-described in the literature. OBJECTIVE We aimed to estimate the number of ED visits for pregnant patients in the United States and determine the characteristics of this population using a national sample. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2010-2020 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), a survey designed to capture a nationally representative sample of ED visits. We evaluated visits for female patients 15-44 years old in this sample and identified visits with pregnant patients based on discharge diagnosis codes. We compared the characteristics of pregnant to non-pregnant patients and estimated the number of new pregnancies diagnosed in the ED. Using multivariable logistic regression, we determined visit characteristics associated with visits for pregnant patients versus non-pregnant patients. RESULTS The 2010-2020 NHAMCS database included 255,963 visits (weighted n = 1,502,215,000), and 59,080 visits among women ages 15-44 (weighted n=353,012,00). Pregnant patients accounted for 3.0% (95% CI 2.7-3.2) of all ED visits and 8.6% (95% CI, 8-9.3) of visits for female patients ages 15-44. This is equivalent to approximately 2.77 million visits for pregnant patients annually. Pregnant patients presenting for care were more likely to be publicly insured, Hispanic, or Black. We estimated that pregnancy was first diagnosed during 13.3% (95% CI 11.8-14.9) of ED visits for pregnant patients. CONCLUSIONS A large number for pregnant patients present for care in the ED annually. Given the potential effects of the overturn of Roe v. Wade on pregnant patients, ED-based interventions should be considered to address changes in availability of healthcare resources.
Background According to recent census data, Hispanic and Latino populations comprise the largest minority group in the United States. Despite ongoing efforts for improved diversity, equity, and inclusion, Hispanics remain underrepresented in medicine (UIM). In addition to well-established benefits to patient care and health systems, physician diversity and increased representation in academic faculty positively impact the recruitment of trainees from UIM backgrounds. Disproportionate representation (as compared to increases of certain underrepresented groups in the US population) has direct implications for recruitment of UIM trainees to residency programs. Objective To examine the number of full-time US medical school faculty physicians who self-identify as Hispanic in light of the increasing Hispanic population in the United States. Methods We analyzed data from the Association of American Medical Colleges from 1990 to 2021, looking at those academic faculty who were classified as Hispanic, Latino, of Spanish Origin, or of Multiple Race—Hispanic. We used descriptive statistics and visualizations to illustrate the level of representation of Hispanic faculty by sex, rank, and clinical specialty over time. Results Overall, the proportion of faculty studied who identified as Hispanic increased from 3.1% (1990) to 6.01% (2021). Moreover, while the proportion of female Hispanic academic faculty increased, there remains a lag between females versus males. Conclusions Our analysis shows that the number of full-time US medical school faculty who self-identify as Hispanic has not increased, though the population of Hispanics in the United States has increased.
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