One of fermented soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) products is soy milk, called as Thew Fu Sui by the community of Bangka Belitung. Soy milk product has unpleasant aroma or “langu” and need to be processed into alternative product such as yogurt. Soy milk yogurt (soyghurt) was made by utilizing the same bacteria in yogurt-making from animal milk including Streptococcus thermophillus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Sugar concentration and incubation time were the factors that influenced the fermentation process and product’s taste. This research was conducted to determine the level of people's preference for soyghurt by organoleptic assessment of color, taste, aroma and texture based on variation of sugar concentration and incubation time of soyghurt. Our study found that various additional sugar concentration and incubation time gave difference result in organoleptic test. Soyghurt with 10%, 12.5%, and 15% of sugar addition became more favorable among the participant. The incubation time of 8 hours, 12 hours, and 16 hours equally produced good fermentation results. Storage in refrigerator for 1 days could maintain its flavor, texture, colour and aroma, but changed after 2 days stored.
Traditional medicine that has been done by the Tiang Tarah Village shaman, Bakam District, Bangka Regency uses plants as medicine to cure various diseases. However, so far some plants used as medicine can not be proven definitively effective against a disease. Therefore, this research was conducted to know which plants are used as a traditional medicine in Tiang Tarah Village, Bakam District, Bangka Regency, exploring the diversity of medicinal plants in the Bukit Peret Forest, and testing the antibacterial activity of medicinal plants against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The research was conducted with several stages, namely: (i) Interviewing informants who are experienced in the field of traditional medicine (shaman) using snowball sampling techniques, (ii) Exploration in the Peret Hill Forest for sampling using roaming method, (iii) Antibacterial activity test medicinal plants against E. coli and S. aureus by using agar diffusion method. The results of the study obtained 22 species of medicinal plants interviewed by three shamans Tiang Tarah Village. Of the 22 species, only 14 were found during exploration in the Peret Hill Forest. Ten of them has antibacterial activity against E. coli and 11 species against S.aureus.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of chitosan membrane was investigated. Chitosan membrane have been successfully by simple method from chitosan extracted from shrimp shell waste. Extraction of chitosan was carried out in four steps: demineralization, deproteinization, decolorization and deacetylation of chitin. The effect of deacetylation temperature on deacetylation process was studied. The results shown that the increase of deacetylation temperature from 30°C to 90°C causes the increase of chitosan deacetylation degree (DD). The increase of deacetylation temperature cause the increment of OH- attack to the amino group thus realizing the effective deacetylation of chitin. The highest chitosan DD was up to 77.99% is achieved under the deacetylation temperature from 90°C and the occurrence of deacetylation structurally demonstrated by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and the XRD characterization. The antimicrobial test results used S. epidermidis and P. acne of chitosan membrane at various deacetylation temperature conditions indicated that no bacterial activity for all variants.
This study aimed to obtain amylase-producing potent bacteria from soil and test the amylase activity produced. Soil samples were taken from the Biological Education and Research Forest, Andalas University. The isolation was done by using the stratified dilution technique on agar media. The screening of amylase activity employed the qualitative and quantitative tests on agar starch. From 8 isolated amylolytic bacteria, there were three isolates with amylolytic potential. The results of characterization and identification based on Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology show that isolates A4, A1, and A6 belonged to the genus Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Klebsiella. The bacteria obtained can then be produced and optimized for the needs of industrial enzymes.
Knowledge on the anatomical structure of Hoya coronaria Blume can help to understand the various function of the plant to support the success of Hoya cultivation outside its natural habitat. This study aims to examine the effect of differences in light intensity on the anatomical characteristics of yellow-flowered H. coronaria to evaluate the adaptation of H. coronaria outside its natural habitat. The experiment used a one-factor factorial completely randomized design with two light intensity treatments (highest daily light intensity 15 Klux) and no shade with the highest daily light intensity average 59 Klux). The preparation of the leaf paradermal incision was made using the whole preparation method while the transverse incision was made using the paraffin method. Based on the analysis of the anatomical structure of the leaves, H. coronaria is a plant with C3 photosynthesis type. Leaf anatomy is composed of a thick cuticle layer, a single layer of the epidermis, mesophyll tissue which is differentiated into palisade and sponges, has a wide intercellular air cavity, and there is a transport network with undeveloped vascular sheath cells. H. coronaria growing under higher light intensity had thicker upper and lower cuticle, lower epidermis, mesophyll layer, and spongy layer compared to lower light intensity. The chlorophyll content was not significantly different between those grown at low and high light intensities. Based on these results, it can be concluded that H. coronaria adapted to high light intensity (without shade) or locations exposed to direct sunlight.
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