ResumenEl objetivo de este trabajo fue la determinación del efecto fotocatalítico de los nanocompuestos TiO2mod-AF y TiO2mod-AF-Au en línea celular de cáncer de cuello uterino HeLa y línea celular normal CHO. El óxido de titanio (TiO2), una sustancia con posibles y futuros usos en los tratamientos de diferentes tipos de cáncer, es analizado por su posible citotoxicidad al estar expuesto a la luz ultravioleta. Se determinó el porcentaje de citotoxicidad de los nanomateriales en presencia y ausencia de luz ultravioleta mediante el kit de detección de citotoxicidad. Los resultados mostraron que los nanomateriales bajo los parámetros establecidos son tóxicos en células HeLa, y no tóxicos en células CHO. El mayor porcentaje de citotoxicidad en células HeLa fue 78% que corresponde al efecto del nanomaterial TiO2mod-AF-Au expuesto a 40 min de radiación ultravioleta. Estos resultados de selectividad hacia células cancerígenas abren una posible vía para el tratamiento del cáncer con menos efectos secundarios sobre la salud humana. Palabras clave: dióxido de titanio; ácido fólico; oro; células HeLa Evaluation of Cytotoxicity induced by Modified TiO2 Functionalized with Folate and Gold on Hela and CHO Line Cells AbstractThe main objective of this work was to determine the photocatalytic effect of the TiO2mod-FA and TiO2mod-FA-Au nanomaterials on Hela and CHO line cells. Titanium oxide (TiO2), a substance with possible and future use on the treatment of different cancer types, is analyzed due to its possible cytotoxicity effects when it is exposed to ultraviolet light. The level of cytotoxicity of the nanomaterials in presence and absence of ultraviolet light was determined by the cytotoxicity detection kit. The results showed that the nanomaterials under the established parameters are toxic on Hela cells but non-toxic on CHO cells. The effect of the TiO2mod-FA-Au nanomaterials exposed over 40 minutes to ultraviolet light showed 78% of cytotoxicity on Hela cells, being the highest percentage between the nanomaterials. The selectivity over cancer cells was the main finding that could become a possible path for cancer treatment with lower secondary effects on human health.
Modified titanium dioxide (m-TiO 2 NPs) is a novel photocatalytic nanomaterial. Its level of toxicity was evaluated to be used in photodynamic treatment for cervical cancer. In the toxicity studies (Irwin test, acute and repeated doses (10 days)), female albino Swiss Webster (CFW) mice, 28 days old were used; the m-TiO 2 NPs was administered in single 300, 600 and 5,000 mg/kg of body weight (b.w) doses injected in the peritoneal zone. No adverse events or mortality were produced. Daily intraperitoneal doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg b.w every 24 h for 10 days did not produce adverse effects or mortality. There were no abnormal clinical signs or behavioral changes (neurological or physiological) in any of the mice. All organs exhibited normal architecture, and histological studies determined that m-TiO 2 NPs does not produce changes in the cells or tissues. Based on the test results, it is concluded that the m-TiO 2 NPs has not a toxic effect in doses equal to or less than 5,000 mg/kg b.w.
ResumenEn este trabajo se estudió el efecto de agregar nanotubos de carbono de pared múltiple funcionalizados y sin funcionalizar durante la síntesis por sol-gel de TiO2 nanocerámico. La funcionalización de los nanotubos de carbono de pared múltiple se realizó mediante el método de carboxilación empleando HSO4-HNO3 y HCL. El precursor empleado para la fabricación del TiO2 fue Tetrabutóxido de Titanio, Ti(OBu)4. Las reacciones de hidrólisis y policondensación, el precalcinado y calcinado del proceso sol-gel, se siguieron y analizaron mediante Espectroscopia Infrarroja con Transformada Fourier (FTIR). Se obtuvieron nanocompuestos de TiO2 con proporciones de nanotubos de carbono de 0.0%, 0.7%, 1.4% y 2.1% en fracción másica. Por pruebas de nanoindentación y microindentación se determinó un aumento del 39% en dureza y la magnitud del módulo de Young aumentó dos veces. Con Microscopia Electrónica de Transmisión (TEM) se observaron detalles estructurales estableciendo homogeneidad y reducción en el tamaño de nanotubos de carbono. Palabras clave: nanotubos de carbono de pared múltiple; dióxido de titanio; funcionalización; proceso sol-gel Synthesis and Characterization of the Nanomaterial TiO2-MWCNTs (Titanium Oxide-Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes) AbstractThe effect of adding functionalized and non-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes to nano-ceramic material by the sol-gel process of nanoceramic TiO2 were studied. The functionalization of multiwall carbon nanotubes using the method of carboxylation with HSO4-HNO3 and HCl was developed. Tetrabuthoxide Titanium, Ti(OBu)4, was the precursor used for the manufacture of TiO2. The hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions, in addition to the pre-calcined and calcined in the sol-gel process were followed and analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). TiO2 with multiwall carbon nanotubes mass fraction of 0.0%, 0.7%, 1.4% and 2.1% were obtained. For nanoindentation and microindentación tests increase in hardness of 39% and increase of two times in the Young's modulus were observed. Structural details establishing uniformity and reduction in the size of multiwall carbon nanotubes were studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
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