protein HSPA1A, the apoptotic gene BAX, and the translation inhibitor EIF4EBP1, the mRNA abundance of PPARG, FASN, ACACA (lipogenesis), and BCL2L1 (antiapoptotic) decreased. Greater supply of Met or Arg reversed most of the effects of HS occurring at the mRNA level and upregulated the abundance of HSPA1A. In addition, compared with the control, supply of Met or Arg upregulated genes related to transcription and translation (MAPK1, MTOR, SREBF1, RPS6KB1, JAK2), insulin signaling (AKT2, IRS1), AA transport (SLC1A5, SLC7A1), and cell proliferation (MKI67). Upregulation of microRNA related to cell growth arrest and apoptosis (miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-99, and miR-184) and oxidative stress (miR-141 and miR-200a) coupled with downregulation of fat synthesis-related microRNA (miR-27ab and miR-221) were detected with HS. Results suggest that HS has a direct negative effect on synthesis of protein and fat, mediated in part by coordinated changes in mRNA, microRNA, and protein abundance of key networks. The positive responses with Met and Arg raise the possibility that supplementation with these AA during HS might have a positive effect on mammary metabolism.

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) implementados como una meta de sostenibilidad a nivel global por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas plantean como propósito alcanzar el bienestar humano a través de la protección del medio ambiente, la igualdad, la reducción de la pobreza, la educación y el diseño de ciudades y pueblos. Con este artículo se pretende caracterizar las prácticas de revelación de dichos objetivos en Latinoamérica. Para este propósito se desarrolló un modelo de análisis de contenido de los reportes corporativos en 77 empresas de los países pertenecientes al Mercado Integral Latinoamericano para los períodos 2019 y 2020, obteniendo como resultado que una gran cantidad de empresas menciona los ODS más relacionados con su actividad económica, pero no evidencian la forma cómo los ejecutan, es decir, no señalan actividades ni indicadores que hagan relación al efectivo aportea esta Agenda 2030. A través de este texto se pretende profundizar acerca de la incursión de los ODS en las empresas de diferentes mercados, ya que al tratarse de un tema relativamente novedoso y voluntario implica muchos retos no solo por parte de las organizaciones, sino para los gobiernos y la academia.

Since the first outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) reported in Wuhan (China) on December 31, 2019, countries all over the world have decreed different security measures such as lockdowns and confinement, resulting in reduced levels of air pollution. The present study explores the correlation of the levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) measured using two different source data as Sentinel -5P images and the on-site database of three monitoring stations belonging to the Environmental Monitoring Network in the Metropolitan District of Quito, within three periods of time during the progression of COVID-19. The result of this analysis shows an overall correlation of ninety-three percent of the levels of NO2 for both measurements in the period January to June 2020. During the lockdown and confinement measures from March to April 2020 a reduction of forty-nine percent was found, but when confinement measures were reduced within the period May to June 2020, an increase in NO2 concentration was again observed and the reduction was only thirteen percent; thus, the reduction in NO2 concentrations may be attributed partly due to the significant reduction in vehicle exhaust gas emissions. From the correlation of the results obtained, it can be concluded that this methodology, using Sentinel-5P image analysis may be used to measure the NO2 concentrations in the atmosphere in cities where there is no on-site air quality monitoring network.