The occurrence of natal and neonatal teeth is an uncommon anomaly, which for centuries has been associated with diverse superstitions among different ethnic groups. Natal teeth are more frequent than neonatal teeth, with the ratio being approximately 3 : 1. It must be considered that natal and neonatal teeth are conditions of fundamental importance not only for a dental surgeon but also for a paediatrician since their presence may lead to numerous complications. Early detection and treatment of these teeth are recommended because they may induce deformity or mutilation of tongue, dehydration, inadequate nutrients intake by the infant, and growth retardation, the pattern and time of eruption of teeth and its morphology. This paper presents a concise review of the literature about neonatal teeth.

Introduction. Gonial angle and antegonial region are important landmarks in mandible which is influenced by gender, age, and dental status. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gonial angle, antegonial angle, and antegonial depth and to investigate their relationship to gender, age group, and dental status. Materials and Methods. A total of 1060 panoramic radiographs were evaluated: the dentulous group, 854 subjects and the edentulous group, 206 subjects. The patients were grouped into six age groups of 10-years each. Gonial angle, antegonial angle, and antegonial depth were measured from panoramic radiographs. Results and Discussion. Corelation of age with gonial angle, antegonial angle and antegonial depth was not significant. Significant difference in mandibular angle was found between males and females. Males had significantly smaller antegonial angle and greater antegonial depth than females. Significant difference was found for gonial angle, antegonial angle, and antegonial depth between right and left sides of mandible. Conclusion. Gonial angle, antegonial angle, and antegonial depth can be implicated as a forensic tool for gender determination but not suitable for age determination.

Congenital granular cell tumor is a rare benign neoplastic growth affecting the gingival mucosa of neonates. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis has recently come to focus and in spite of several reports on immune-histochemical and other advanced marker studies, the cause and origin of the lesion remains debatable till date. Review of literature on prenatal diagnosis and histopathology along with immunohistochemistry is discussed.

Objective: To investigate the Ki 67 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological features and 3 years as well as 5 years survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methodology: Total 217cases of OSCC primarily treated with surgery with or without radiation were included. All patients were followed up for 3 years and 150 were followed up of 5 years for disease free survival. The immunohistochemistry was carried out on neutral buffered formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue to evaluate the expression of Ki67. Results: The Ki67 labeling index (LI) was significantly higher with respect to adverse clinicopathological parameters such as histopathological grading (p<0.001), clinical TNM staging (p<0.001) and nodal metastasis (p<0.001). The OSCC patients survived for less than 3 and 5 years were showed significantly higher Ki67 LI as compared to diseases free survived more than 3 and 5 years(p<0.001). The three years survival rate of OSCC patient significantly higher with low Ki67 LI (≤45) 96.2%, followed by moderate Ki67 LI (46 to 60) 60.7% and high Ki67 LI (≥61) 37.7% (p<0.001). The five years survival rate of OSCC patient statistically significantly higher with low Ki67 LI (≤45)93.3%, followed by moderate Ki67 LI (46 to 60) 46.8% and Ki67 LI (≥61) 23.3% (p<0.001). Conclusion: The measurement of cell proliferative activity by using Ki67 antigen expression in individual OSCC might provide unique, predictive information on clinical outcome, prognosis and deciding treatment modalities in OSCC.

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Ki67, CD105 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) expression in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma in the background of OSF (OSCC‐SMF). Methods The study was carried out on paraffin‐embedded tissues of 30 normal oral mucosa (NOM), 50 OSF cases and 105 OSCC‐SMF. The immunohistochemistry was carried out to evaluate the expression of Ki67, CD105 and α‐SMA antigen. Results Ki67 labelling index (LI), CD105 and α‐SMA expression showed increasing trend from NOM, low‐risk epithelial dysplasia (LRED), high‐risk epithelial dysplasia (HRED), well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC), moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. However, there was no significant difference of α‐SMA expression between HRED and WDSCC. In OSCC‐SMF, Ki67 LI, CD105 and α‐SMA were significantly higher in advanced clinical TNM stage, metastasis and less than 3 years patient survival as compared with early clinical TNM stage, non‐metastasis and 3 years or more patient survival. Conclusion Ki67 LI, α‐SMA and CD105 expression alone or together correspond with the disease progression model of SMF. Hence, expression of these markers can be used as a predictive marker of clinical outcome of OSCC‐SMF.

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Background:Teeth are an excellent material for genetic, odontological and forensic investigations and research purpose. From all the teeth, the mandibular canines are found to exhibit sexual dimorphism. However, very few studies have been published on maxillary canine's measurements.Aims:1. To find out utility of maxillary and mandibular canine width as a tool for sex determination in Central Indian population. 2. To find out the average size of canines in males and females of Central Indian population. 3. To compare the findings with National and International studiesMaterials and Methods:The present study was conducted in 100 cases in the age group of 17-21 years. Mesiodistal width of right and left mandibular and maxillary canines were measured on the casts with digital calliper and subjected to statistical analysis.Statistical Analysis:Statistical analysis was done to assess sex difference using Students “t” test (paired).Results and Conclusions:It was seen that a definite statistically significant sexual dimorphism exists when mandibular and maxillary canine measurements were compared. Thus, it can be suggested that canine width measurements can be used as an adjunct for sex identification purpose in Central Indian Population.

Amaç: E-cadherin'in displazinin kansere dönüşmesinde rol oynayabileceğine dair bulgular vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı E-cadherin'in ağız içi normal mukoza, yassı epitel hücreli karsinom ve displastik epitelde ekspresyonunu karşılaştırarak oral karsinogenez ile ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Klinik olarak oral premalin lezyon ve yassı epitel karsinom şüphesi bulunan hastalar, histopatolojik tanıyı takiben çalışmaya alındı. Toplam olarak oral epitelyal displazili 20 hasta ve oral yassı epitel hücreli karsinomu bulunan 20 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Her hastada aşağıdaki değişkenler kaydedildi: Hastanın yaşı, cinsiyeti, tümör lokalizasyonu, TNM evresi ve klinik evre (I-IV). Hematoksilen-Eozin'le boyanmış kesitlerin ilk muayenesini takiben, her parçadan bir kısım alınarak 5 mikronluk kesitler halinde immunohistokimyasal çalışmaya alındı. Bulgular: E-cadherin ekspresyonu ile displazi arasında negatif bir bağlantıyı telkin eder tarzda, hafiften ağıra değişen derecedeki displazide E-cadherin ekspresyonu azalmış bulundu. Ayrıca E-cadherin ekspresyonu ile klinik tümör evresi ve prognoz skoru arasında anlamlı bir bağıntı saptanmadı. Sonuç: Oral yassı hücreli karsinomda displazi derecesi arttıkça E-cadherin ekspresyonu azalmaktadır. Azalmış E-cadherin ekspresyonu ağız içi yassı epitel hücreli karsinoma'da invazivlikte artışın güvenilir bir belirteci olabilir. Azalmış E-cadherin ekspresyonu displazini oral kansere dönüşmesini gösteren faydalı bir belirteç olarak düşünülebilir. Anahtar kelimeler: E-cadherin, oral epitelyal displazi, oral yassı epitel hücreli karsinoma ABSTRACT Objectives: There is evidence that E-cadherins may also play a role in progression of dysplasia to cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of E-cadherin during the process of oral carcinogenesis by comparing their expression in normal and oral dysplastic epithelium (OED) with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC). Materials and methods: The patients who were clinical suspected of having premalignant lesion and oral squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study after the histopathological diagnosis. Totally 20 cases of OED and 20 Cases of OSSC were included in the study. From each case the following data were recorded: patient's age and sex, tumour location, TNM classification and clinical stage (I-IV). After preliminary examination of sections stained with haematoxylin/eosin, representative parts of each piece were selected and sectioned at 5 micron for immunohistochemical study. Results: There was reduced expression of E-cadherin from mild to severe degree of dysplasia suggesting the negative correlation with E-cadherin expression. However, there was no significant correlation between E-cadherin expression, clinical TNM stage and prognosis score. Conclusion: The E-cadherin expression is reduced with increase grade of dysplasia and in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The reduced expression of E-cadherin may be a reliable indicator of increase in invasiveness in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Reduced E-cadherin expression can...