The objective of this paper was to study the potential for bioremoval of a textile dye, Reactive Red 198 (RR198), by a fungus isolated from soil collected from an effluent disposal area near a textile company. The fungus was identified as Aspergillus flavus, and its use as a low-cost live-cell biomass for the biodegradation of RR198 from contaminated water was investigated using batch studies. The effects of time, dye concentration, and pH as variable factors were examined in the process. Results showed that bioremoval of RR198 by A. flavus increased to over 84.96% with increasing time until equilibrium was reached after a period of 24 h. A low pH was the most effective, as were lower levels of dye concentration. The decolorization was determined by the decrease in the absorption maximums of this dye by UV-visible spectroscopy. A. flavus was shown to be an efficient fungus for removal of RR198 from wastewater.
A B S T R A C TAmong all environmental contaminants, industrial dye is one of the major pollutants of soil, water, and air. There are different chemical, physical, and biological methods for removal of all types of synthetic media from the environment. One common method is to utilize microorganisms like yeast, fungi, or bacteria. In this study, we identified a soil-derived microorganism and evaluated its efficacy for removal of industrial dye from wastewater. First, a strain of fungus isolated from various samples of soil was defined via colonial identification and DNA sequencing. Second, the bioremoval activity of the defined fungus (Rhizopus oryzae) in treating the water-soluble monoazo dye, Reactive Red 198, in synthetic media was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography. The effects of varying factors in processing, including dye concentration, fungal volume, time, and pH were determined. Under optimal conditions, a dye removal rate of 96% was obtained.
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