one-layer wound dressings cannot meet all the clinical needs due to their individual characteristics and shortcomings. Therefore, bilayer wound dressings which are composed of two layers with different properties have gained lots of attention. in the present study, polycaprolactone/gelatin (pcL/Gel) scaffold was electrospun on a dense membrane composed of polyurethane and ethanolic extract of propolis (pU/eep). the pU/eep membrane was used as the top layer to protect the wound area from external contamination and dehydration, while the PCL/Gel scaffold was used as the sublayer to facilitate cells' adhesion and proliferation. the bilayer wound dressing was investigated regarding its microstructure, mechanical properties, surface wettability, anti-bacterial activity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and its efficacy in the animal wound model and histopathological analyzes. Scanning electron micrographs exhibited uniform morphology and bead-free structure of the PCL/Gel scaffold with average fibers' diameter of 237.3 ± 65.1 nm. Significant anti-bacterial activity was observed against Staphylococcal aureus (5.4 ± 0.3 mm), Escherichia coli (1.9 ± 0.4 mm) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1.0 ± 0.2 mm) according to inhibition zone test. The bilayer wound dressing exhibited high hydrophilicity (51.1 ± 4.9°), biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The bilayer wound dressing could significantly accelerate the wound closure and collagen deposition in the Wistar rats' skin wound model. taking together, the pU/eep-pcL/Gel bilayer wound dressing can be a potential candidate for biomedical applications due to remarkable mechanical properties, biocompatibility, antibacterial features, and wound healing activities. Skin is always at the exposer of different types of damages 1. Severe skin damages can be life-threatening due to loss of human body fluids, electrolytes, and nutritional components from the wound area. Therefore, wound dressings have gained lots of attention 2. An ideal wound dressing should protect the wound from external contaminants and facilitate the healing process. However, one-layer wound dressings cannot meet all the clinical needs due to their individual characteristics and shortcomings. Therefore, bilayer wound dressings which are
Scaffolds are regarded as 3D substrates providing an appropriate environment through which the cells attachment, proliferation, and differentiation rate can be accelerated; based on their application, these scaffolds must have certain characteristics like suitable mechanical properties and porosity, desired degradation rate, and cell compatibility. In the present study, a novel nanocomposite fibrous scaffold composed of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/Gelatin (GT)/Gehlenite (GLN) nanoparticles was fabricated through electrospinning method. Different weight ratios of GLN nanoparticles in the fibrous scaffolds were added and optimized and a series of samples including PCL, PCL/GT, and PCL/GT/GLN scaffolds were constructed in order to reach a better comparison between the scaffolds. It turned out that 7% was the optimized GLN weight ratio to be included into the scaffolds without destroying the fibers structure. Different characterization techniques were applied to assess the physical and chemical properties of scaffolds. Moreover, the scaffolds' degradation rate, bioactivity potential, cell viability, attachment, DAPI and Alizarin staining, and ALP activity were assessed in vitro as well. The overall results indicate that the ternary scaffold (PCL/GT/GLN7%) has a promising potential for bone tissue regeneration.
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