This paper develops a consistent particle method for capturing the highly non-linear behavior of violent free-surface flows, based on an Enhanced Weakly Compressible Moving Particle Semi-implicit (EWC-MPS) method. It pays special attention to the evaluation and improvement of two particle regularization techniques, namely, pairwise particle collision (PC) and particle shifting (PS). To improve the effectiveness of PC in removing noisy pressure field, and volume conservation issue of PS, we propose and evaluate several enhancements to these techniques, including a novel dynamic PC technique, and a consistent PS algorithm with new boundary treatments and additional terms (in the continuity and momentum equations).Besides, we introduce modified higher-order and anti-symmetric operators for the diffusive and shear force terms. Evaluation of the proposed developments for violent free-surface flow benchmark cases (2D dambreak, 3D water sloshing, and 3D dam-break with an obstacle) confirms an accurate prediction of the flow evolution and rigid body impact, as well as long-term stability of the simulations. The dynamic PC reduces pressure noises with low energy dissipation, and the consistent PS conserves the volume even for extreme deformations. Comparing the role of these new particle regularization techniques demonstrates the effectiveness of both in assuring the uniformity of the particle distribution and pressure fields; nevertheless, the implementation of PS is found to be more complex and time-consuming, mainly due to its need for free surface detection and boundary treatment with many tuning parameters.
In this work, we develop an enhanced particle shifting strategy in the framework of weakly compressible δ+-SPH method. This technique can be considered as an extension of the so-called improved particle shifting technology (IPST) proposed by Wang et al. (2019). We introduce a new parameter named “ϕ” to the particle shifting formulation, on the one hand to reduce the effect of truncated kernel support on the formulation near the free surface region, on the other hand, to deal with the problem of poor estimation of free surface particles. We define a simple criterion based on the estimation of particle concentration to limit the error’s accumulation in time caused by the shifting in order to achieve a long time violent free surface flows simulation. We propose also an efficient and simple concept for free surface particles detection. A validation of accuracy, stability and consistency of the presented model was shown via several challenging benchmarks.
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