This study aimed to evaluate effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and neural crest-derived epidermal stem cells (ESC) in alone administration and their combination in vascular dementia (VaD) model by tow-vessels occlusion (2VO). Methods the rats were divided into control, sham, 2VO + vehicle, 2VO + PRP, 2VO + ESC, and 2VO + ESC + PRP groups. The treated-groups received one million cells on days 4, 14, and 21 with or without 500µl PRP (twice a week). The behavioral performance was evaluated by open-field, passive-avoidance, and Morris-water maze. The basal-synaptic transmission (BST) and long-term potentiation (LTP) were assessed by field-potential recording. The mRNA expression levels of IGF-1, TGF-β1, PSD-95, and GSk-3β were measured in rat hippocampus by qRT-PCR. Results The results showed a learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity impairment with a significant decrease in IGF1, TGF-β1, PSD-95, and increase in expression of GSk-3β 2VO rats. Although treatment with ESC alone and ESC + PRP show comparable improvement effects on spatial memory and LTP induction associated with PSD-95 up-regulation and GSK-3β down-regulation, the BST only recovered in the ESC + PRP group. Moreover, combination therapy was superior to monotherapy with PRP. Conclusions The transplantation of ESC showed better effects than PRP alone, and combination therapy increased treatment efficacy with the recovery of BST.
Background Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is a rising issue for global health. Iran is struggling with a growing number of the elderly population and also a decrease in fertility rate. The goal of this study was to review and evaluate Alzheimer's disease publications by Iranian researchers. Methods We searched for Alzheimer and all its related keywords in the Web of Science to find related documents published by Iranian researchers from 2010 until 2019. Bibliometric parameters at the level of documents, authors, and organizations were assessed. The co-authorship matrix was computed using Bibexcel, and visualizations were performed by VOSviewer. Results Totally, 1042 documents from 4949 researchers (8.6 authors per document) were retrieved from Web of Science. Original articles (77.06%) and reviews (16.21%) were the most common document types for Iranian publications and also one article was retracted. As results, the average citation per document was 20.68. Iranian researchers mainly collaborated with researchers from the United States, Italy, Australia, and Canada, respectively. The co-occurrence networks for keywords represented five publication clusters in the collection. The largest cluster was related to studies on oxidative stress in Alzheimer's Disease, followed by in-vivo studies in the field of brain neurons destruction. Conclusion We found that Iranian researchers made significant impacts in the field of Alzheimer's disease and covered a wide range of related areas over the last 10 years.
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