To alleviate insect pest problems in storage, synthetic pesticides are recommended; but their use may create toxicity to non-target organisms, development of resistance and residues in treated products. Under such circumstances, the need for research to find a safe, convenient, durable and economically logical method is necessary. The application of repellents could be considered as a new control method in storage. In this study, percentage repellency (PR) of Sirinol (garlic emulsion) was assayed on adults of cigarette beetles, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) and red flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) using three techniques, Petri-dish, Y-shape olfactometer tube and leaky glass. The insects were exposed to 0, 0.5, 1.5 and 10% concentration of Sirinol that is a botanical compound and PR of the adults was determined. In each of the three methods, the maximum PR of Sirinol was about 10% concentration, and the quantities were equal to 58.56, 42.58 and 26.29% for L. serricorne and 70.99, 55.47 and 38.72 for T. castaneum in Petri-dish, Y-shape olfactometer tube and leaky glass techniques, respectively. The interaction between concentration and time (concentration × time) was not significant for the adults of the two species. It was shown that T. castaneum was more susceptible to Sirinol than L. serricorne. Data analysis revealed that PRs of Sirinol were not significantly different between the time of 12 and 72 h.
In this research, adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) were exposed to various air pressures solely (first phase) and air pressures together with acrolein (second phase) in various durations and mortality rates were determined. Complete mortality of T. castaneum was obtained at 1, 3 and 6 h after exposure to 10, 30 and 50 mmHg, respectively. R. dominica showed 96.25% and 60% mortality during 3 and 10 h exposed to 10 and 30 mmHg, respectively. Percentage mortality of the insects in second phase was significantly higher than the rate in first phase. T. castaneum was more susceptible than R. dominica in the both phases.
The natural products of plants come as an alternative ecologically more compatiblein substitution to the synthetic insecticides. This study had the objectiveto evaluate the action of 85% Sirinol ® EC (5% of alicin extracted fromgarlic bean, 75% of fuel oils, 20% of surfactant and retentive) on Rhizoperthadominica (F.) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.) in the adult phase in stored wheat,through the assessment of repellent effect on exposed individuals to wheatgrains treated. Therfore, adults of R. dominica and S. oryzae through the useof two methods â€Petriâ€dishes and olfactometer Y shape tube†were exposedto 0.5, 1, 5 and 10% concentration of Sirinol ® and Percentage Repellency(PR) was determined. In each of two methods, the maximum PR of Sirinol ®was at concentration of 10%, with the recorded values 71.58% and 50.26%for adults of R. dominica and, 75.79 % and 62.96% for S. oryzae in Petridishesand Y †shape olfactometer tube methods, respectively. It was shownthat S. oryzae were more sensitive to Sirinol® than R. dominica. The interactionbetween concentration and time (concentration × time) was not significantfor adults of two species.
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