Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is an early-onset, clinically heterogenous disorder of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. The diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder continues to raise controversy, and, there is also an increase in treatment options. In this 6-week double blind, placebo controlled-trial, we assessed the effects of zinc plus methylphenidate in the treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first double blind and placebo controlled clinical trial assessing the adjunctive role of zinc in ADHD.

Given the impact of personal and environmental factors on the development and manifestation of professional values in nursing students, it is upon the education authorities to take account of them in their planning, and nursing managers are also recommended to further address these factors in their development of a proper work environment, provision of standard facilities and removal of barriers.

This theory shows that professional values, elements of care promotion, and sensitivity of the situation have a key role in activation of humanistic approach in nursing. Violation of the nurses' professional rights often leads to a decrease in care, but these factors make the nurses practice in an unsparing response approach. It is necessary to focus on development of professional values and provide essential elements of care promotion as changeable factors for realization of humanistic nursing although there is a context in which the nurses' rights are violated.

The results did not support the efficacy of PUFA in the treatment of ADHD, and adding PUFAs to the therapeutic regimen of ADHD is not recommended at the moment.

The patients and their families consider any shortcomings in relation to the patient and the quality of care as the violation of the rights. The findings of the study imply sensitizing managers toward providing appropriate conditions as well as educating nurses to observe patients' rights. It is suggested that the processes leading to the violation of patients' rights be discovered and prevented in the future.

The purpose of this data article is to present the prevalence of Internet addiction in people with a history of substance abuse disorder in Kerman during 2016–2017. For this purpose, 223 people with the history of substance abuse disorder in three cities of Kerman province completed the demographic form and Young׳s Internet addiction questionnaire. Demographic characteristics of participants was analyzed and presented here. Young׳s Addiction Commitment Questionnaire contains 20 questions, each with a score of 1 to 5. The history of participants about the drug abuse was investigated. In addition, the prevalence of Internet addiction among the participants was evaluated. The internet addiction is more common in people with a history of drug abuse which may be a behavioral substitute for drug addiction.

No abstract

Background:Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a common and severe mood disorder. Although genetic factors have important rolesin the etiology of bipolar disorder, no specific gene has been identified in relation to this disorder. Monoamine oxidase gene is suggested to be associated with bipolar disorder in many studies.Objectives:This study aimed to investigatethe role of MAOA gene polymorphisms in the etiology of bipolar disorder in Iranian population.Patients and Methods:This study is a case-control study, with convenient sampling. Three common polymorphisms, a CA microsatellite, a VNTR, and a RFLP were typed in 156 bipolar patients and 173 healthy controls. Patients were chosen from Imam Hossein General Hospital, Psychiatry Ward (Tehran/Iran). Controlsamples for this study consisted of 173 healthy individuals recruitedby convenient sampling. Allelic distributions of these polymorphisms were analyzed in bipolar and control groups to investigate any association with MAOA gene.Results:Significant associations were observed regarding MAOA-CA (P = 0.016) and MAOA-VNTR (P = 0.004) polymorphisms in the bipolar females. There was no association between MAOA-RFLP and bipolar disorder.Conclusions:The obtained results confirm some previous studies regardinga gender specific association of MAOA gene with the bipolar disorder.