There were 21 fractures of the proximal part of the humerus and 7 fractures that also involved the shaft; 15 of the fractures were two-part fractures (surgical neck), 5 were three-part fractures, and 1 was a four-part fracture. All fractures healed in a mean period of 2.7 months. There was one delayed union that healed in 4 months. One case of avascular necrosis of the humeral head was observed (a four-part fracture), but remained asymptomatic and did not require further treatment. In one case a back-out of one proximal screw was observed. A final evaluation with a minimum 1 year follow-up was performed by an independent observer; in 18 patients, the mean Constant score was 65.7 or 76.1% with the adjustment of age and gender; in 19 patients, the mean Oxford Shoulder Score was 21.7. The results obtained with the T2-PHN nail indicate that it represents a safe and reliable method in the treatment of two- and three-part fractures of the proximal humerus. The proximal fixation mechanism diminishes the rate of back-out of the screws, a frequent complication described in the literature. Better functional results were obtained from the patients younger than 70 years, but these were not statistically significant.

The aim of this study is to compare the functional and radiological results of Philos plate and NHP-T2 nail for the treatment of displaced 2-part proximal humeral fractures. Between May 2005 and June 2006, we operated 29 2-part humeral fractures. The selection of the implant was not randomized, but it was surgeon choice. There were 15 patients operated with the NHP-T2 nail (group A) and 14 patients with the Philos plate (group B). There were no statistical diVerences between the preoperative data of the two groups: mean age, sex distribution, level of activity, mechanism of injury, type of fracture, associated fractures, or the hematocrit levels. The patients were assed clinically and radiologically months after surgery. At 1-year followup, an independent evaluator additionally determined the Constant and Oxford scores. All fractures except one healed in the Wrst 3 months. In group A, there was one delayed union that healed at 4 months. There were 2 malunion cases in each group. No case of avascular necrosis of the humeral head was observed. There were no statistical diVerences between the functional results of the implants. We had more patients who required blood transfusion in group B and more fractures of the entry point and implant removal in the group A. The consolidation rate and functional results are similar in both groups, with no statistical signiWcance. The complications appeared seemed to be approach related and did not inXuence the Wnal results. An accurate technique and suYcient experience are needed to achieve a correct reduction and Wxation.

No abstract

Introduction. Resident intern physicians (MIR) must become competent in writing correct hospital discharge reports (HDR). This document must contain a minimum data set, and should be understandable to the patient, family doctor or other professionals. The acquisition of this competence has been little studied, and the quality of HDRs performed by MIR has not been previously evaluated. Subjects and methods. The present study evaluated the quality of 124 emergency HDRs comparing those signed by specialists, only signed or signed by MIR, or signed by MIR and specialist in the fields of Orthopaedic Surgery and General Surgery. Results. The result has been more favourable than that of previous publications, with a score of 7 out of 10 in 94.4 % of cases. HDRs made by first-year residents and supervised by specialists obtained the best scores with statistically significant differences (p = 0.003). No differences were observed between the reports by the morning or night (p = 0.6). In terms of content, 12.9% of reports had acronyms difficult to understand. Conclusion. Our study depicts the beneficial effect of HDR monitoring in the first year of residency as well as an improvement objective by minimizing the use of medical abbreviations.

The following research article utilizes the four frameworks (faith-avoiding, faith-based, faith-safe, faith-friendly) discussed by previous researchers Miller and Ewest (2015) in order to evaluate the effects of religious diversity management strategies on varying employee attitudes.An evaluation of the previous research in the field of religion and its effects on management strategies with a basis in title VII laws is also addressed. Based on a sample of 300 participants, significant results in the frameworks and their corresponding variables were found. Of the four frameworks utilized the faith-friendly framework was found to be by far the most favored of all regardless of religion, while the faith-avoiding framework was displayed as the least favored.With the following findings this study encourages future research that addresses not only diversity management strategies but also strategies accommodating to title VII laws as well. RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY AND EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES 3