Catheter associated infection is one of commonest infection which affects hospital admitted patients. Indwelling urethral catheters which are kept in place for 30 days or less are called short term. Whereas, when catheter placement exceeds 30 days, it is known as chronic or long term. Objectives: This study was intended to investigate the frequency of urinary tract infection caused by chronic indwelling urethral catheters. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Urology & Renal Transplantation, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: 6 months between 01-12-2015 to 31-05-2016. Material & Methods: Informed consent was taken from all the 100 patients which were selected for the research purpose. Under aseptic conditions, indwelling urethral catheter was replaced. The Foley catheter tip which we had taken out was cut and separated. It was delivered to the pathologist for culture and sensitivity in a secured axenic container. Diabetes was ruled out using blood sugar fasting levels. Data was recorded using a proforma. Results: In our study, out of 100 cases with chronic supra-pubic or urethral Foley catheter, 53% cases (n=53) were aged below 50 years while 47% (n=47) were aged above 50 years. Furthermore, 95% patients (n=95) were men and only 5% (n=5) were women. 18% participants of our study were recorded to have urinary infection associated with chronic catheterization. Conclusion: We found that urinary infection affects the patients having chronic indwelling urethral catheters significantly. Therefore, it is justified to assess every patient having urethral catheter for possible urinary infection.
Objective: To determine the stone free rate by PCNL in pediatric population. Study Design: Descriptive Study. Setting: Department of Urology & Kidney Transplantation, Faisalabad Medical University and Affiliated Hospitals. Period: July 2019 to December 2019. Material & Methods: Total 55 patients were enrolled. After history, examination, relevant pre-operative investigations and informed consent, the patients underwent standard prone PCNL, with ureteral catheter placement, system puncture under fluoroscopic/ultrasound guide, tract dilatation, nephroscopic stone manipulation and retrieval. Pre and post operative images were compared for determinations stone clearance. Other relevant data operative time, need of blood transfusion & complications were recorded. All the information was documented on a proforma. Results: In our study, of 55 cases, 87.27% (n=48) were between 2-10 years of age whereas 12.73% (n=7) were between 11-14 years of age, mean+sd was calculated as 8.44+2.31 years. 56.36% (n=31) were male and 43.64% (n=24) were female. Frequency of stone clearance was recorded in 80% (n=44) whereas 20% (n=11) didn’t stone clearance. Conclusion: Frequency of stone clearance is high with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in pediatric population.
Objectives: Our objective was determination of the correlation between mean bladder wall thickness and mean IPSS in BPH diagnosed patients. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Urology & Renal Transplantation, Punjab Medical College / Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: Six months from 01-04-2016 to 30-09-2016. Material & Methods: Total 70 patients were enrolled for study from outpatient department of Urology, AHF. IPSS was calculated and recorded. Transabdominal ultrasound KUB was done to measure bladder wall thickness. Urine complete examination and culture was done to rule out UTI. Existence of bladder tumor was ruled out by previous history and ultrasonography. The data was collected on a Proforma by myself. Results: Out of 70 enrolled cases, 47.14% (n=33) were aged 50-60 years whereas 52.86% (n=37) were 61-70 years of age. Mean age was calculated as 61.27+5.31 years. Mean Bladder Wall thickness was 3.64+0.72 and IPSS was calculated to be 12.84+2.79 (r0.9056). Correlation between mean bladder wall thickness and mean IPSS in patients having benign prostatic hyperplasia was calculated as significant. Conclusion: In patients suffering from BOO due to BPH, we have found a very strong positive correlation between mean IPSS and mean BWT. However, bigger studies using standardized techniques are required to establish this fact.
Objective: To find out the frequency of erectile dysfunction in patients who are on hemodialysis. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Allied Hospital/Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Period: November 2015 to May 2016. Material & Methods: Patients enrolled for study included indoor admitted patients, patients presenting in outdoor and patients being admitted in Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Allied Hospital/Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad for purpose of Arterio-Venous Fistula (AVF) surgery. ED assessed and graded using the questionnaire of International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). Results: 60 patients enrolled and out of 60 cases, 27 (45%) were of age 25-35 years while 33 (55%) were between 36-45 years and mean+SD age was 36.15+5.47 years. 49 (81.67%) were having ED while 11 (18.33%) were not suffering from ED. Out of 49 patients having ED, results showed that 32 patients were having severe erectile dysfunction while 11 patients having moderate disease, 4 with mild to moderate disease and only 2 with mild ED. Conclusion: Based upon results, a conclusion has been made that the frequency of erectile dysfunction is significantly higher in patients of renal failure who are on hemodialysis. It is recommended that every patient undergoing hemodialysis should be sort out for erectile dysfunction.
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