Background:The first case of Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were diagnosed in Wuhan, China in 2019. In the first half of 2020 this disease has already converted into a global pandemic. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of Ivermectin in mild cases of COVID-19 patients on the basis of predefined assessment criteria. Study Settings: Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore Study Design: Open label randomized control trial. Duration of Study: From 1 st May, 2020 to 30 th June, 2020.Patients & Methods: Sample size and technique: Sample size was 50 patients; 25 patients were kept in control group and 25 patients were kept in experimental group. Results: There were total 50 patients, divided into two groups case and control group.The mean age of the participants was 40.60 ± 17 and out of those 31 (62%) were male and 19 (38%) were females. Cough was observed more in case group (p= 0.049). Fever, myalgias and dyspnea were the commonest symptoms in both the groups (p= 1.000). Diarrhea and vomiting were more common in control group (p=0.0001, p= 0.042 respectively). On follow up at day 7, patients were stratified as asymptomatic and symptomatic. Amongst the case group, out of 25 patients, 16(64%) patients were asymptomatic and rest of the 9(36%) patients was asymptomatic. In control group, out of 25 patients, 15(60%) patients were asymptomatic and rest of the 10(40%) patients was asymptomatic. p-value (0.500). Statistically there was no significant difference between case group who were given ivermectin along with symptomatic treatment and control group who were only given symptomatic treatment without ivermectin, being asymptomatic on day 7 at follow up. p-value (0.500
Background The first case of Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was diagnosed in Wuhan, China in 2019. In the first half of 2020, this disease has already converted into a global pandemic. This study aimed to find that treatment of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with Tocilizumab or steroids was associated with better outcomes. Objectives: To analyze the effectiveness of Tocilizumab in moderate to severe Covid-19 patients based on predefined assessment criteria . Study Settings : Single-center, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Study design Quasi-experimental. Duration of study From May 12, 2020 to June 12, 2020. Patients & Methods: Sample size and technique Sample size was 93; 33 patients were kept in the experimental group, given Tocilizumab, 8 mg/kg intravenously or 162 mg subcutaneously, and the rest of the 60 patients were given corticosteroids, methylprednisolone 80 mg/day. Consecutive sampling. Failure of therapy was labeled when patients were intubated or died, and the endpoints were failure-free survival which was the primary endpoint, and overall survival secondary at the time of discharge. Results A total of 93 patients were enrolled, the Tocilizumab (TCZ) group (case) and Corticosteroid (CS) group (Control). The median age was 58 years (IQR-21), 37 (39.8%) patients with diabetes mellitus, 11 (11.8%) in the TCZ group, and 26 (28%) in the CS group. On the whole, the total median hospital stay in days was 7 with IQR (4), a total of 83 (89.2%) patients recovered successfully and discharged, 27 (29%) in the TCZ group and 56 (60.2%) in the CS group. Total 10 (10.8%) patients died, out of which 6 (6.5%) belonged to the TCZ group and 4 (4.3%) belonged to the CS group The median Oxygen requirement with IQR was 8 (9) in both the groups and in total as well, p-value (0.714). Conclusions Tocilizumab is a quite effective treatment option for critically sick patients of Covid-19 by reducing their oxygen requirement drastically and so the ICU stay, median hospital stay and so the mortality as well. Clinicals trials registration UIN # NCT04730323
Background: Among the common complications of diabetes, neuropathy has its place. About 50% of diabetics suffer from this complication. It is one of the most common cause of elevated morbidity mortality in diabetics. Duration of diabetes, its control and association with other micro vascular complications can result in an raised incidence of neuropathy in patients. Aim: To find frequency of peripheral neuropathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Cross sectional study carried out in newly diagnosed patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus presented at department of Medicine, Fatima Memorial hospital, Lahore. 200 newly diagnosed type II diabetes patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Information was recorded on predesigned questionnaire regarding peripheral neuropathy and socio-demographic variables. Results: The mean age among peripheral neuropathy respondents was 47.05±6.37 years while it was 45.19±6.50 years among not having peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy was seen in 42 (21%) respondents while in 158 (79%) there was no peripheral neuropathy. Gender among peripheral neuropathy showed that males were 36 and females were 06 in number; and among non-peripheral neuropathy group there were 135 males and 23 females. Most of the low income respondents were suffering from peripheral neuropathy as compared to other income groups. Post stratification regarding age and gender yields significant results within income groups while the later showed only male respondents were significant. Conclusion: This study reports that in type 2 diabetic patients diagnosed less than one year back, there is an increased prevalence of peripheral neuropathy. Male respondents were more in number than females but both had shown almost having same occurrence of peripheral neuropathy. Keywords: Peripheral Neuropathy, Type II Diabetes, Neuropathy
Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus ends up in many complications and retinopathy is one of the microvascular complications of this metabolic disease. Aim: To conclude the frequency of diabetic retinopathy in previously diagnosed patients of diabetes. Methods: Cross Sectional study was conducted in General Medicine Department, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. This study was conducted from 16th January 2021 to 16th July 2021. A total of 171 patients in both male and female with diabetes mellitus were involved in the study. All patients undertook fundoscopy to look for diabetic retinopathy in department of medicine. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used. Results: As per this study age series from 30 to 75 years with mean age of 51.099±6.19 years, mean duration of diabetes 9.304±3.60 years and mean weight was 87.713±7.63 Kg. Male patients were 64.9% and females were 35.1%. Diabetic retinopathy was seen in 36.8%. Conclusion: There is increase in prevalence of diabetic retinopathy with rise in period of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic retinopathy, Duration of diabetes
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