Background:Pain is a common experience for women during labor. Therefore, pain relief care for mothers during labor is very important. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of massage therapy on labor pain reduction in primiparous women.Materials and Methods:In this meta-analysis, the databases of Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran were searched for published articles in English and Persian language up to January 2016. Among the studies, with regard to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 studies were selected. Data were analyzed by using Stata software version 11, and standard mean difference (SMD) of effects of massage therapy was calculated. The heterogeneity among studies was evaluated by the Chi-square based Q-test and I2 statistics.Results:The results of Chi-square based on Q-test and I2 statistics showed heterogeneity among studies in the latent phase (Q = 63.52, P value < 0.001 and I2 = 87.4%), active phase (Q = 26.42, P value < 0.001, and I2 = 77.3%), and transitional phase (Q = 104.84, P value <0.001, and I2 = 95.2%). Results showed that massage therapy reduces labor pain in the latent phase (SMD = −1.23, 95% CI: −1.73 to −0.74), active phase (SMD = −1.59, 95% CI: −2.06 to −1.12), and transitional phase (SMD = −1.90, 95% CI: −3.09 to −0.71).Conclusions:This study provides valid evidence for the effect of massage therapy in Iran for labor pain relief. Therefore, the use of massage therapy can be recommended in the primiparous women.
The comparison between the quality of life and ADLs in the elderly before and after the intervention showed that continuing instruction for the elderly based on a regular healthy lifestyle program is effective and holding different instructional classes for this population, that is often ignored, seems necessary. The findings of this study can help design proper instructional guidelines on healthy lifestyle in the elderly.
BackgroundIron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common hematological disease in infancy and childhood. Therefore, it is necessary to provide maternal education using models that identify factors affecting behavior. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of maternal education based on the health belief model (HBM) on preventive behaviors of IDA in children aged 1–6 years in rural health centers of Babol, Mazandaran Province, Iran in 2015.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 119 mothers were selected through multi-stage random sampling and divided into two groups of intervention and control. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were studied and confirmed. A pretest was conducted in both groups. Need assessment was done according to the pretest results, and educational intervention was performed in four educational sessions in the intervention group. The same questionnaire was applied for posttest three months after the intervention. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean scores of awareness, HBM constructs, and performance of the mothers between the two groups before the intervention (P < 0.05) while the difference was significant after the intervention (P < 0.001). The mean score of performance, increased significantly from 80.84 to 88.68 in the intervention group after the intervention (P < 0.001).ConclusionEducational intervention, according to the HBM based on a primary needs assessment effectively improves maternal performance about IDA prevention in children. Therefore, it is suggested that these interventions replace conventional educational programs.Trial registration: This trial has been registered at IRCT, IRCT2014082118892N1. Registered on 2014-11-23, https://en.irct.ir/trial/17015
Background
Adherence to prescribed treatment in chronic diseases, as occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS), is a critical factor for a successful therapeutic response. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational program based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on treatment adherence in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving injectable immunomodulatory drugs.
Methods
The present study is an educational randomized controlled trial research that was conducted on 100 patients with MS who had gone to MS clinic in Tehran city (Iran). The samples were randomly assigned to the intervention (N = 50) and control groups (N = 50). Data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on TPB. Then, educational program was performed for the intervention group through four educational sessions. After three months, data collection was repeated for the two groups and data were analyzed.
Results
The knowledge and performance of the intervention group on treatment adherence drugs increased from 56.25 ± 20.3 to 78.31 ± 15.57 and 56.22 ± 5.76 to 71.62 ± 12.01 after the education respectively (p < 0.001). The mean of construct of TPB in the intervention group also increased after the intervention (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Applying the TPB model proved is very effective in developing an educational program for patients with MS, to enhance treatment adherence drugs. Besides such programs, follow-up education for controlling and monitoring are highly recommended.
Trial registration
This trial has been registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20210808052109N1. Prospectively registered at 12-Aug-2021, (12/8/2021) available at: URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/57994
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