Scheduling problems are difficult types of production arrangement problems that enumerated among NP-Complete problems. Some of evolutionary algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization etc. have been used to solve this problem. In new years, Artificial Immune Algorithm is used to solve optimization problems such as routing and scheduling. One of complex scheduling problems is Job-shop Scheduling problem. In this article we use immune system concepts of human body, to implement a new artificial immune algorithm for solving Job-shop scheduling problem. A new population generation method was proposed based on G&T algorithm. We use two mutation methods, namely Shift Change method and Inverse method in Job-shop scheduling for first time. Moreover, we describe a vaccination method named MCV, to make maximum advance in solutions, and then achieve to more than one optimal solution concurrently and release from local optimum. Finally, we test our method on the very famous benchmark of JSP, namely FT06, then show experimental results and get some conclusions.
Sequences of activities in people’s living environments have observable features that depend on subjective and meaningful aspects in their culture and lifestyle. Spatial and temporal sequences of activities are two ways of separating or aggregating activities. The theoretical framework of this study, based on cultural viewpoints, studies the activities, spatial and temporal distances and sequences of activities and their meanings in the dwelling environment. For the purposes of this study, a case study was done in the residential environment of the Qashqai tribe. For this study, a qualitative research method with data gathering techniques such as taking pictures from the environment and activities, drawing residential units’ maps, behaviour settings diagrams and semi-structured laddering interviews was used. Analytical findings were classified as either ‘spatial sequence’ or ‘temporal sequence’ of activities. The Means-End model, representing consequences and meanings of the sequences of activities, was presented in the form of ‘Feature-Consequence-Meaning’ diagrams. The results show that the sequences of activities in ‘Qashqai’ dwelling are influenced by such meanings as ‘social status’ and ‘family privacy’. Other consequences such as ‘desirable conditions of activities occurrence’ form conditions for lifestyle habitus in dwelling. In addition to providing a theoretical framework for the study of the human-environment relationship and the presentation of activity sequence properties, the results emphasize the meaningfulness of spatial and temporal sequences of activities in dwellings.
Parametric design method is among the new design methods, especially in digital architecture technology. In this method, one can have access to all structural and architectural components of the design up to the last designing stage. The purpose of the study was parametric design of the structures with arc behavior for the multipurpose exhibition in Tehran. Structural design in this study was initially done by formulating the structure with Rhino Vault Plugin tailored to the rope behavior and after obtaining the desired form, analyzing the structural behaviors and defining the appropriate materials for the design, as well as the appropriate cross-sectional area by Karamba plugin were performed. Loadings and constraints in design and control of the structure are in accordance with the necessary standards, especially the sixth and ninth articles of the National Building Regulations. In the interior design, neighbors-a large park, the flower fair and the spacious space for various exhibitions-and booth designs are considered. Iranian-Islamic models inspire designing the patterns used in the ceiling and each pattern is designed for its particular location by parametric design. Additionally, using different software applications, the performance of the project against wind and earthquake and the lighting of the projects were examined as well.
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