Background: Leprosy has been a literal scourge through the history of humanity and to eradicate the disease from high endemic countries need leprosy services to be sustained and they remain of good quality. Objective: The present study aimed for getting a reasonable impression of the clients views on a range of quality aspects of leprosy services rendered by district leprosy control unit under national leprosy eradication programme(NLEP). Methodology: Cross- sectional study was conducted in Satara district of western Maharashtra, India among registered leprosy patients under district leprosy control unit during April -July2008. A sample of 25 % of registered leprosy cases were selected by random sampling method from primary health centers and urban leprosy control units to assess the patients satisfaction under the functioning of NLEP. After verbal consent, participants were interviewed at home site using pre-tested structured proforma include socio -demographic and patient satisfaction variables. Data collected was compiled and analyzed by using statistical software. Results: Patients overall level of satisfaction was very good i.e. 88.89% with max, 46.03% cases were from age group 35 to 52 years. Max, 47.61% cases were illiterate with high case detection rate, 52.38% was seen males. The proportion of multi-bacillary (MB) and pauci-bacillary (PB) cases was 65.07 % & 34.92 % respectively. Most of the patients were satisfied with anti-leprosy drugs, health education and no physical deformity due to disease underline. 98.41 % patients were satisfied about follow- up and motivation services. Satisfaction about diagnosis of disease by doctors and starting of treatment was 96.82 % and 95.23 % respectively, however satisfaction with rehabilitative services was 14.28%. Significant statistical association was existed between age of leprosy affected cases and their level of satisfaction under NLEP services (?2=15.92,p <0.05*). Conclusion: Elimination of leprosy and very good patient satisfaction towards leprosy services in Satara district indicates successfulness of NLEP. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 03 July 13 Page 305-309 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i3.15430
Background:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is widely spread across the state of Maharashtra with high prevalence among antenatal women.Aims:To assess the effectiveness of prevention of parent to child transmission (PPTCT) services in rural Tertiary Health Care Centre of Western Maharashtra, India and to address the weaknesses in functioning of PPTCT services.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted at Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC) of a rural tertiary health center located in rural area of Western Maharashtra over a period of 10 years from 2003 to 2012. A total of 32,575 pregnant women were included as study subjects and data were collected as per the indicators of PPTCT by viewing the retrospective PPTCT records. The data were analyzed over the period of 10 years for the outcome of PPTCT services. The trend of PPTCT indicators over a decade were analyzed by using Chi-square test.Results:The seroprevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women was 2% in 2003 which decreased to 0.2% by 2012. The proportions of women counseled and HIV tested were 88.9% and 100%, respectively in 2003 and pretest counseling trend was steadily increased to 100% by 2012; however; HIV testing trend remained 100% throughout 10 years. Posttest counseling trend ranges from 89.6% to 99.9% whereas trend of HIV testing among partners has been fluctuating from 25% to 100%. The proportional trend of HIV-positive mothers delivered in a tertiary care hospital ranges from 60% to 100%. The proportions of pair receiving prophylaxis Nevirapine has been increased from 83.8% to 100% by 2009, but thereafter decreased to 83.3% by 2012. The overall HIV positivity among babies after 18 months of follow-up was 21%.Conclusion:HIV seroprevalence among the pregnant population is steadily declining. More and more women are availing the facilities of ICTC centers. Intensive health education and availability of diagnostic and therapeutic services in rural health center have reduced the burden of HIV/AIDS problem in the rural community.
Access this article online Website:http://nepjol.info/index.php/AJMS Background: Diet, a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer is estimated approximately one-third of cases could be prevented by dietary modification. Objectives: To identify possible dietary risk factors of breast cancer among newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer and to determine the strength of association of the risk factors and cancer of breast. Methods: A hospital based case-control study was conducted in Satara district, India during year 2009 to 2011 among newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer and matched controls. The total number of 217 breast cancer cases and equal number of controls age, religion and residence matched were enrolled by purposive sampling technique from selected hospitals of the study area. The data was collected individually by employing pre-tested questionnaire utilizing interview method. Descriptive statistics, Odd's ratio and chi-square test was used to find out the strength of association and statistically significant differences. Results: Maximum, 31.80% breast cancer cases were in age group 40-49 yrs with lowest age at diagnosis of disease was 25 years. Max, 63.59%, 71.42% and 56.68% breast cancer cases were housewives, literate and from upper economic class respectively. The risk of developing breast cancer as indicated by odd's ratio was 2.38 times higher in overweight women, 2.1 times in women consuming non-vegetarian diet, 3.9 times with women consuming extra fat in diet and 13.5 times in women with having excess salt in their diet. Conclusion: The dietary risk factors such as non-vegetarian diet, excess fat and salt in diet and overweight was strongly associated with breast cancer.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has remained a major public health threat worldwide and considering this, Govt. of India declared TB as notifiable disease in year 2012. Objectives: To assess the trend of TB in Satara district, India and to evaluate outcome of new sputum positive TB cases registered under district Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective record based cross-sectional study was conducted in District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC), Satara district, Maharashtra, India during Proportions of male TB cases were almost the double of females; however child TB cases increased continuously with maximum TB cases belonged to pulmonary type. The proportional trend of New Sputum Positive (NSP) cases showed periodic fluctuations ranging from 34% to 50% since year 2002 to 2012. The performance of outcome evaluation indicators of NSP cases during evaluation period as viz., cure rate ranging from 79.91% to 87.02% with periodic fluctuations, sputum conversion rate continuously increased from 78.5% to 93.5%, treatment success rate ranging from 82.7% to 90% with apparent difference, whereas defaulter rate decreased from 7.5% to 3.8% by year 2011, treatment failure rate continuously decreased to 2.1% whereas Death rate ranging from 5.2% to 10.4%. The proportional trends of outcome evaluation indicators of NSP-TB cases showed statistically significant difference over period of year 2002 to 2012. Conclusion: Data indicates that TB is still big problem in rural area of western Maharashtra, India and need to strengthen the awareness programme about TB and involvement of private health sector to control the burden of TB.
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