Background and Objectives Nosocomial infections are significant public health problems in developed as well as developing countries. To tackle this problem, it is vital to sensitize healthcare students (HCSs) at early period of their clinical practise. Thus, this study was conducted to access the existing knowledge among HCSs and determine the impact of educational and training programs regarding nosocomial infections, standard precautions, and hand hygiene. Methods This was a cross-sectional cum interventional, questionnaire based, single center study. Total 728 MBBS, BDS and BSC nursing students were targeted for workshop on nosocomial infections, standard precautions, and hand hygiene based on the Centers for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Infection control standardized questionnaire (ICSQ) was administered as a pretest and posttest. Results were analyzed by SPSS software. Results A paired-samples t-test was conducted to access the impact of educational and training programs on knowledge of HCS. There was a significant difference in the scores of pretests (M = 37.30, SD = 4.81) and posttests (M = 42.03, SD = 4.55); t (727) = 22.162, p ≤0.005 and also statistically significant difference in scores of all 3 domains- 1. Nosocomial infections: Pretest (M = 6.61, SD = 1.57) and Posttest (M = 7.98, SD = 4.65); t (727) = 20.589, p ≤ 0.005; 2. Standard Precautions: Pretest (M = 20.81, SD = 3.06) and Posttest (M = 41.88, SD = 4.30); t (727) = 4.584, p ≤ 0.005; 3. Hand Hygiene: Pretest (M = 9.88, SD = 2.68) and Posttest (M = 12.54, SD = 2.92); t (727) = 19.527, p ≤ 0.005. The results suggest that educational and training programs have positive impact on knowledge of HCS. Conclusion This study highlighted the need for regular educational and training programs in primary training time for retention of knowledge regarding nosocomial infections and reinforcement of the principals of standard precautions and hand hygiene. How to cite this article Goyal M, Chaudhry D. Impact of Educational and Training Programs on Knowledge of Healthcare Students Regarding Nosocomial Infections, Standard Precautions and Hand Hygiene: A Study at Tertiary Care Hospital. Indian J Crit Care Med 2019;23(2):227–231.

HighlightsCDH after neonatal period can present with wide array of clinical symptoms which often lead to delay in diagnosis and even misdiagnosis resulting in significant morbidity and potentially fatal outcomes.Interventions with misdiagnosis may result in iatrogenic complications which further increase morbidity and can even result in unwarranted mortality.When patient presents with recurrent non-specific respiratory or gastrointestinal tract symptoms, CDH should always be considered in differential diagnosis.Chest X-ray with nasogastric tube insertion, contrast enhanced CT scan and barium studies pave the way to correct diagnosis decreasing the morbidity and potential mortality due to CDH.

Alternative high school (AHS) students are at-risk for school dropout and engage in high levels of health-risk behaviors that should be monitored over time. They are excluded from most public health surveillance efforts (e.g., Youth Risk Behavior Survey; YRBS), hindering our ability to monitor health disparities and allocate scarce resources to the areas of greatest need. Using active parental consent, we recruited 515 students from 14 AHSs in Texas to take a modified YRBS. We calculated three different participation rates, tracked participation by age of legal consent (≥18 and <18 years), and identified other considerations for obtaining quality data. Being required to use active consent resulted in a much lower cooperation rate among students <18 years (32%) versus those who were ≥18 years and could provide their own consent (57%). Because chronic truancy is prevalent in AHS students, cooperation rates may be more accurate than participation rates based off of enrollment or attendance. Requiring active consent and not having accurate participation rates may result in surveillance data that are of disparate quality. This threatens to mask the needs of AHS students and perpetuate disparities because we are likely missing the highest-risk students within a high-risk sample and cannot generalize findings.

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BACKGROUND Abdominal surgery is a challenging field, as the outcome of any operation depends on various factors. Postoperative pulmonary complications lead to prolonged morbidity. Many of patients with postoperative pulmonary complication require ventilatory support for a prolonged period.

BACKGROUND Incisional hernia is very common problem in post-laparotomy patient. It increases morbidity and also affects quality of life in longterm. Countless procedures have been advocated for their cure. Numerous suggestions have been offered to prevent them. In spite of all precautions during surgery and meticulous repairs to cure them, we still come across a number of cases with incisional hernias and failure to repair of incisional hernias leading to "recurrent incisional hernia." MATERIALS AND METHODS This case series of incisional hernia, which was comprising of 38 patients over a period of two years in which the demographic profile, clinical presentation, comorbid conditions and outcome of repair was studied and the collected data analysed statistically.

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