Present study was carried out to determine the important physico chemical parameters of water of Tapi estuary in Hazira industrial area. Tapi estuary receives the inputs of organic matter and nutrients coming from the domestic wastewater discharges from Surat City, a textile hub as well as industrial effluents from Hazira, a major industrial Complex of Gujarat, India. Uncontrolled discharges of domestic wastes and industrial effluents have affected the estuary. Present study was carried out from June - 2011 to May 2012 to study the impacts of uncontrolled discharges on physicochemical characteristics of water. Samples were collected monthly in the morning during low tide to determine the important physico chemical parameters Viz. Turbidity, conductivity, total solid, total dissolved solid, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, Calcium, chloride, sodium , potassium and nutrients like nitrate, nitrite and phosphate. Dissolved oxygen was found extremely low during the study period. High biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen demand (COD) showed that the water quality of estuary has been affected by industrial and domestic effluents. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7811
Lead is highly toxic, impairing biological functions of aquatic animals. In vitro, static test was performed to find out the accumulation of lead in the muscle of brackish water fish (Boleopthalmus dussumieri). Fish were maintained in experimental aquaria with lead nitrate solution having known lead concentration of 1.48 and 14.8 mg/l, respectively. The experiments were performed in triplicate. Two fishes from each exposed aquarium were sampled on zero hour, 96 hours and 192 hours. Muscle was removed and processed prior to analysis of lead concentration by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The amount of lead accumulated in muscle of experimental fish increased steadily with the period of exposure. The lead accumulated in fish muscle was 29.60±6.62 μg/g at 96 hours of exposure and accumulated up to 72.48±14.18 μg/g in 192 hours of exposure period at the highest concentration. Significant relationship between accumulation and exposure period as well as exposed concentration (p < 0.05) at the significance level of 95 % was recorded. The present study indicated that the fishes living in mudflats of brackish water bodies receiving industrial as well as anthropogenic waste water containing an assortment of heavy metals can accumulate them in considerable concentrations.
Blood samples from six Down's syndrome (DS) and six age- and sex-matched controls were cultured for 72 h in the presence of BrdUrd. Lymphocytes were then analysed at their second mitosis for sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and at their first mitosis for chromosome aberrations. Treatment with adriamycin (30 and 60 ng) showed a significant increase in frequency of SCE and chromosome aberrations in DS lymphocytes compared to normal lymphocytes at initiation of culture. Cells treated with adriamycin (ADR) for the last 24 h also showed a significant increase in SCE in DS lymphocytes compared to normal lymphocytes. A significant increase in chromatid-type aberrations was also recorded in DS lymphocytes after both treatments cultured for the last 24 h.
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