The emphasis on STEM education in the physics curriculum moves toward addressing the 21st-century demands, but its implementation is fraught with issues and challenges. This paper exposes teachers’ and students’ concerns and problems with integrated STEM education implementation and relates them to the anticipated problem in quantum physics (QP) learning and facilitation (L&F) in secondary school. The QP L&F challenges include the odd ontological worldview and abstractness of concepts, which have created serious misconceptions among teachers and students. A solution is proposed to address this difficulty, including applying an interactive simulation and a hands-on experiment. This paper also proposes a theoretical framework for developing an instructional module to cater to meaningful QP learning with integrated STEM elements. The proposed theoretical framework has several advantages, including guidance in planning an instructional module applicable to classroom activities and explaining the topic using an inquiry-based learning (IBL) approach with learning activities coordinated using the 5E Instructional Model. Nonetheless, further research is necessary to study the instructional module’s development, usability, and L&F effectiveness in the classroom.

Ethnography, in general, is a methodology that has been well known to many as conducted to study a culture-sharing group that could provide an understanding of a larger issue. However, ethnographic research in an educational setting is defined as research on and in educational institutions based on participant observation and/or permanent recordings of everyday life in naturally occurring settings. Then again, classroom ethnography who possess a family resemblance to ethnography is not well understood to many qualitative researchers in this region. Its value in the body of knowledge is not well understood also. In order to appreciate the value of this methodology, the history and development of this research with relation to science education could better enlighten the research community of its value and appropriateness in this region rich in its diverse culture and ethnicity. Different scholars have different scope and perspectives in understanding ethnography. The aim of this article is to open up new research directions in research methodologies for potential local postgraduates.

This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of Teacher Readiness to teach Quantum Physics (TRQP) instrument using Rasch Measurement Model. The TRQP was developed to measure the level of teacher readiness to teach quantum physics in secondary schools. TRQP consisted of 41 items containing three constructs namely: content knowledge, attitudes, and readiness. The research sample consisted of 30 Form Five Physics teacher from secondary schools in Sabah. The results of the validity analysis found that the polarity of the items through the PTMEA-CORR values showed that all 41 items were > 0.00 (+). Through item fit analysis, all items were retained because they met the requirements in one of the MNSQ, Outfit ZSTD, and PTMEA-CORR outfit ranges. In the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the Raw Variance Explained by Measures value of 40.6% and the Unexplained variance value in the first to fifth contrast below 15% indicates that the instrument has a strong dimensional dimension and has high construct validity. The reliability of Cronbach Alpha (KR20) showed a value of 0.87 (high), item reliability of 0.88 (very good), and person reliability of 0.81 (good) with separation item value of 2.73 (good) and separation person value of 2.04 (good). In conclusion, TRQP has good validity and reliability in measuring the level of teacher readiness to teach quantum physics in terms of content knowledge and attitudes among Form Five Physics teachers in secondary schools.

Sabah, located north of Borneo, is bordered by Sarawak on its south-west and by East Kalimantan of Indonesia to the south. The area that Sabah encompasses-73,711 square kilometers-makes the state the second largest in Malaysia. Sabah is popularly known as the land below the wind.

Menurut sejarah, istilah tenaga sudah lama diguna pakai dalam perbualan harian untuk menjelaskan aktiviti yang berkaitan dengan kemampuan melakukan kerja, tetapi istilah ini tidak semestinya boleh digunakan dalam semua bidang. Kajian lepas menunjukkan terdapat pelbagai konsep pengetahuan alternatif terpahat dalam minda pelajar yang mungkin sama atau bertentangan dengan pemahaman saintifik ahli fizik. Oleh itu, penyelidikan yang berteraskan tradisi pendidikan Jerman-Didaktik telah dijalankan. Menurut tradisi ini guru mesti “mengelementarisasikan” isi kandungan pengetahuan fizik dan menyepadukannya dengan konsep pengetahuan alternatif pelajar untuk melaksanakan PDPC yang berkesan. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk memahami bagaimana jurang pemahaman konsep tenaga antara ahli fizik dan pelajar fizik sekolah menengah boleh dirapatkan dengan menggunakan Model Pembinaan Semula PdPC (MPSP). Oleh itu, penyelidik telah meneliti 15 penerbitan utama untuk menentukan pemahaman saintifik ahli fizik tentang tenaga, menjalankan temu bual separa berstruktur melibatkan 12 orang pelajar fizik sekolah menengah untuk mencari konsep pengetahuan alternatif tenaga mereka dan menganalisis semula 23 kajian terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan isu yang sama. Kaedah analisis kualitatif kandungan dan analisis metafora digunakan untuk membantu penyelidik merungkai makna yang tersurat dan tersirat di sebalik bahasa fizik mahupun bahasa perbualan harian yang mengandungi konsep tenaga, dan bagaimana bahasa-bahasa ini saling berinteraksi. Dapatan kajian diwakili oleh laluan pembelajaran yang menghubungkan konsep fizik berorientasikan aktiviti harian dan fizik. Laluan pembelajaran ini memaparkan jurang pemahaman antara ahli fizik dan pelajar fizik sekolah menengah dan bagaimana mereka berkait antara satu sama lain.