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In this study, the Sany-glass test was used to evaluate the performance of a new surfactant prepared from corn
oil as a demulsifier for crude oil emulsions. Central composite design (CCD), based on the response surface methodology
(RSM), was used to investigate the effect of four variables, including demulsifier dosage, water content, temperature, and
pH, on the efficiency of water removal from the emulsion. As well, analysis of variance was applied to examine the
precision of the CCD mathematical model. The results indicate that demulsifier dose and emulsion pH are two significant
parameters determining demulsification. The maximum separation efficiency of 96% was attained at an alkaline pH and
with 3500 ppm demulsifier. According to the RSM analysis, the optimal values for the input variables are 40% water
content, 3500 ppm demulsifier, 60 °C, and pH 8.
Synthetic gas - a combination of (H2) and (CO) - is an important chemical intermediate
for the production of liquid hydrocarbon, olefin, gasoline, and other valuable chemicals.
Several reforming methods that use steam, carbon dioxide, and oxygen in the presence
of various catalytic systems have been extensively investigated, and this paper reviews the
recent research on the state-of-the-art of reforming technologies and the effect of parameters
on the catalytic activity of mesoporous silica/alumina supported nickel catalysts for syngas
production by methane dry reforming. First, we provide an overview of reforming technologies,
including methane dry reforming, steam methane reforming, partial oxidation of CH4,
and auto thermal reforming of CH4. Then, we review the literature on dry reforming catalysts.
Next, we describe recent findings on the effect of parameters on the catalytic activity
of mesoporous silica/alumina supported nickel catalysts for syngas production. Finally, we
make proposals for future research. This study can help achieve a better understanding of the
reforming technologies and the effects of parameters on catalytic performance for syngas
production, thus contributing to the development of green technologies.
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