The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of tax planning on firm value of firms listed in Bursa Malaysia. Tax planning proxies in this study are the Effective Tax Rate (ETR) and Book Tax Differences (BTDs). The 387 samples data were collected from the DataStream from period of 2014 to 2016. After controlling the firm size, leverage, asset tangibility, firm age and dividend, the regression results show that ETR has a significant and positive relationship with firm value while BTDs has insignificant negative relationship with firm value. Firm with less tax planning activities may signal investors that the firm is more transparent in publishing their financial information. Most of our control variables such as leverage, asset tangibility, firm age and dividend have negative relationship with firm value. This study suggests that ETR proxy is suitable to determine firm value rather than BTDs. For future research, this study can be expanded by using more sample size from a longer time frame of research.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure has become a rising concern for the public listed firms worldwide due to its ability to enhance firm's market performance and financial performance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between CSR disclosure and firm performance of Bursa Malaysia's listed companies based on their market value added (MVA), return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). 324 samples of public listed companies' annual report for the period of 2014 to 2016 were obtained from Bursa Malaysia and examined. The extent of their CSR disclosure were measured and analyzed. After accounting for control variables such as firm size, firm age, firm leverage and firm liquidity, the result shows that there is a positive significant relationship between CSR disclosure and firm performance in terms of ROA and ROE. This reveals that high level of CSR disclosure helps firms to achieve optimum performance through increased competitiveness, improved firm's image amongst society, and creates new opportunities in the marketplace. The findings also showed mix results among the control variables towards firm performance. For future research, this paper recommends to extend the study by using different CSR disclosure measurement, different firm performance measurement such as return on investments (ROI) and Tobin's Q and different samples.

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between company environmental disclosures and CEO characteristics in term of tenure and education background such as MBA (Master in Business Administration) and legal background. Sample data collected from annual reports of companies listed in Bursa Malaysia in financial year end as 31st December consist 74 companies listed in Malaysia with various sector and in years from 2011 till 2013. The result shows that CEO's tenure and CEO with legal education have negative relationship with the environmental disclosure. Only one of controlling variables which is size has positive relationship with environmental disclosure. The study concludes that CEO whohas work long in the company tents and CEO with legal background may have less willingness to take risk to disclosure environmental information. Board Independence and Liquidity: Evidence from East Asian CountriesEbrahim Bazrafshan (Universiti Sains Malaysia)* Chee-Wooi Hooy (Universiti Sains Malaysia) Abstract We investigate the link between board composition and liquidity of a firm's shares using a sample of East Asia companies. On average, greater board independence significantly increases liquidity. However, that relation is mediated by several other variables that influence the flow of information from managers to the board and the public. The beneficial impact of board independence on liquidity is reduced when more information-independent brokers make a market in shares, when board-management relations are strained, or when CEOs have greater bargaining power relative to the board. While legal environments that provide greater investor protections tend to increase liquidity, they do not appear to meaningfully affect the impact of board independence.

Remuneration is broadly used as an incentive that affects decisions made and strategies planned by directors which cause great impact on firm performance and profitability. This study aims to investigate the directors' remuneration of the consumer products sector focusing particularly on Malaysian listed companies under Consumer Product Industry. These firm's performances are measured by return on assets (ROA) and return on equities (ROE). This study consists a sample of 40 Malaysian listed companies for the period of 2012 to 2014. After controlling for board size, CEO duality, firm size, firm age, and leverage; the regression results show director remuneration has positive relationship with firm performance (measured by ROA and ROE). This suggests that high remuneration is able to motivate and retain directors in order to perform their duty and work harder for the best interest of shareholders. The result also shows all variables affect firm performance differently. For future research, we recommend that this study be expanded using more samples from other industries and other measurement of firm performances such as growth and ratings.

The purpose of this study is to develop a Model of Relationship between Teacher Leadership and Teacher Efficacy among secondary school teachers in Malaysia. The study uses both domestic and international studies. This study examines issues in the relationship between teacher leadership and teacher efficacy comprising national education policies and teacher quality. Challenges in teacher leadership and teacher efficacy include the industry revolution 4.0. international education, and international antenatal care. The implication of this study is hoped to provide additional information in the teacher leadership and teacher efficacy theory and provide a clear line of training and professionalism enhancement programs for teachers, schools and the Ministry of Education Malaysia.