This paper presents a detailed derivation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which may be used as the electric power train for the simulation of a hybrid electric vehicle. A torque tracking control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is developed by using an adaptive proportional-integral-derivative controller. Several tests such as step function, saw tooth function, sine wave function and square wave function were used in order to examine the performance of the proposed control structure. The effectiveness of the proposed controller was verified and compared with the same system under a PID controller and the desired control. The result of the observations shows that the proposed control structure proves to be effective in tracking the desired torque with a good response. The findings of this study will be considered in the design, optimisation and experimentation of series hybrid electric vehicle.
This article presents the simulation analysis on the effectiveness of impact reduction control based magneto-rheological elastomer isolator device (MREID). The MREID is one of the impact isolator devices that produce controllable stiffness by controlling the input current supply to the device coil. In order to control the input current for MREID, a hybrid control structure combining the skyhook and active force control strategy (HYSAFC) is proposed. Firstly, the characteristics of MREID in squeeze mode are investigated systematically in order to establish the relationship between the supply input current to the subsequent force and impact energy within the MREID. The proposed control strategy is used for force tracking control in determining the amount of input current to be applied to the MREID. The desired input current is determined by a current generator that is developed using inverse ANFIS technique which will regulate the current amount based on the desired force and impact energy. The effectiveness of the actively controlled MREID is evaluated using MATLAB simulations by comparing the performance of the MREID controlled by skyhook control against a passive damper. It is shows that the proposed controller recorded better response compared to skyhook controller, thus improving the stability and the effectiveness in controlling the MRE isolator device.
This paper presents control characteristic of an impact isolator featuring a magneto-rheological elastomer isolator device (MREID). The developed MREID is analysed in term of its magnetic intensity to produce a large of MR effect that controlled by the input current. In order to control the input current, the hybrid skyhook active force control (HySAFC) is proposed. The HySAFC is used to track the signal based on the force obtained from the feedback of the force sensor and accelerometer. However, the control output of the HySAFC is desired force of the current generator which is designed using the inverse adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Then, the selection of the input current using the IF-THEN rules depend on desired force and impact energy for current generator. Next, for the development of control structure, the impact isolation system is formulated and the impact isolation test rig is used to perform the experimental validation process. The validation assessment of HySAFC is experimentally realized, and the control responses, namely such as jerk, accelerations and transmitted forces as well as the impact isolation system are presented in the time domain. Finding of this study, the HySAFC is able to improve the MREID performance for impact loading application in simulation and experiment and capable in providing fast response when impact occurred.
PurposeThe objective of this paper is to develop a fast modelling technique for predicting magneto-rheological fluid damper behaviour under impact loading applications.Design/methodology/approachThe adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) technique was adopted to predict the behaviour of a magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) damper through experimental characterisation data. In this study, an MRF damper manufactured by Lord Corporation was used for characterisation using an impact pendulum test rig. The experimental characterisation was carried out with various impact energies and constant input currents applied to the MRF damper.FindingsThis research provided a fast modelling technique with relatively less error in predicting MRF damper behaviour for the development of control strategies. Accordingly, the ANFIS model was able to predict MRF damper behaviour under impact loading and showed better performance than the modified Bouc–Wen model.Research limitations/implicationsThis study only focused on modelling technique for a single type of MRF damper used for impact loading applications. It is possible for other applications, such as cyclic loading, random loadings and system identification, to be studied in future experiments.Original/ValueFuture researchers could apply the ANFIS model as an actuator model for the development of control strategies and analyse the control performance. The model also can be replicated in other industries with minor modifications to suit different needs.
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