The colourants used in today’s food and beverage products are not only made from natural herbs or chemical substance, but also from animal-derived substance including insects. One of them is cochineal insect which produces red dye and it is largely consumed in the food and cosmetic industries. As such, the Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia and Majelis Ulama Indonesia have issued a fatwa on the consumption of cochineal in food as permissible (halal). However, the Mufti Department of Brunei Darussalam has issued a fatwa to the contrary i.e. not permissible (haram). The existence of conflicting fatwas in halal and haram issues may cause confusions among Muslim consumers. This article aims to analyse fatwas on cochineal-based colourants in selected ASEAN countries namely Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei. Document-analysis will be the method for this research. The research outcome indicates that there are factors that contribute to the differing fatwas i.e. differing understanding of the uncleanness status of insect carcasses whose blood does not flow, the use of different fatwa elicitation methodologies between countries, and the consideration on whether its use is good or bad for the consumers. Efforts towards standardisation of fatwa can be done at the ASEAN country levels via empowerment of halal supervisory body i.e. MABIMS, whose membership include Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia and Singapore. ABSTRAK Bahan pewarna yang digunakan dalam produk makanan dan minuman masakini bukan hanya berasal dari bahan tumbuhan atau bahan kimia, tetapi juga diperolehi dari bahan haiwan, termasuk serangga. Salah satunya ialah serangga jenis cochineal yang menghasilkan warna merah pekat dan banyak dimanfaatkan oleh industri makanan dan kosmetik. Sehubungan itu, Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia telah mengeluarkan fatwa bahawa penggunaannya adalah halal. Sebaliknya, Jabatan Mufti Negara Brunei Darussalam memutuskan fatwa yang berlawanan iaitu haram. Kewujudan fatwa yang berbeza dalam aspek halal dan haram sudah pasti menimbulkan kekeliruan dalam kalangan pengguna Islam. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis fatwa-fatwa mengenai bahan pewarna cochineal di beberapa negara ASEAN terpilih iaitu Malaysia, Indonesia dan Brunei. Metodologi yang digunakan ialah analisis dokumen. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat beberapa faktor yang membawa kepada perbezaan fatwa iaitu, i.e- kefahaman berbeza berhubung status kenajisan bangkai serangga yang darahnya tidak mengalir, penggunaan metodologi istinbat fatwa yang berbeza antara negara, dan pertimbangan maslahah dan mudarat kepada pengguna. Penyelarasan fatwa boleh digerakkan di peringkat negara ASEAN menerusi pemerkasaan badan halal yang dianggotai oleh empat negara iaitu Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia dan Singapura (MABIMS).
The concept of facilities management were introduced in Malaysia since mid-90s with its aim was to ensure national own facilities are functioning well and to reach its maximum life time. Nevertheless 20 years had passed not much development since then. This claim is proven factual, as the root cause for some problems or incident happen such as buildings and ceilings collapsed, roofs or roof leaking and cracking on bridges were lead to the failure to carry out the facility management systems. Although the Government is now seen taking a move more aggressively in enhancing facility management, but obviously our country is still lagging with other practitioners. In this regard, this article aims to provide a deeper understanding for the Organisation and individual on the importance of facility management within an organisation in producing high-income organisation in line with the 10th Malaysia Plan to feature Malaysia into high-income developed countries.
One of the purposes of the establishment of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is to help the needy people to get a better life. They help them by doing fundraising to the public. As they get the public donation, they are also allowed to take the commission from the donation according to the Islamic contracts that have been existed in Islam. The purpose of this study is to analyse the types of contract that have been applied by the NGOs in collecting public donation. The methodology used in this research is qualitative method by using document analysis and interview. The informants involved are from the six selected NGOs which have been registered under Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) or Registry of Societies Malaysia (ROS). These NGOs are chosen due to their enthusiasm, activeness and success in implementing the public donation other than based on their expertise relating to the donation collection of the organization. Besides, they cooperated very well from the beginning of the research until the end. The data obtained is analysed using content analysis. The finding shows that Islamic Relief Malaysia (IRM), Aman Palestin, Majlis Perundingan Pertubuhan Islam Malaysia (MAPIM), Cinta Syria Malaysia (CSM) and Muslim Volunteer Malaysia (MVM) apply the contract of ijarah, wakalah and ji’alah which comply with the law of Sharia. Yet, Serantau Muslim does not apply any contracts as they do not take any commission from the public donation. Further research needs to be done to identify the similarity of the contract applied by the other NGOs.
A ceramic product derived from the bones of non-halal animal has become an issue for Muslims in terms of its status whether it is halal or haram. The status can be determined by scrutinizing the transformation process or namely as istiḥālah either a complete change (istiḥālah kāmilah) or an incomplete change (istiḥālah ghayr kāmilah). This research used the qualitative research method via the approach of document analysis to examine various opinions of classical and current Islamic jurists on the status of using ceramic products derived from the bones of non halal animal according to the Islamic law. The research discovers an alternative method of processing ceramic products from animal bones through istiḥālah. It is a transformation of filthy or haram materials into other materials whichincludes physical appearance and its properties such as odor, taste and color.
Technology advances nowadays give a huge impact to the human welfare.In particular related to treatment of sewage water tecnology that can be converted to more valuable treated wastewater to be used in plant fertilizer and drinking water. While the sewage sedimentation produces bioeffluent, biosolid and biogas as a new energy sources. Despite having a variety of uses, there is question related islamic rule in using treatment water from sewage, is permissible to utilise because they came from mutanajjid water and mustakmal or used water. Therefore, this article is focus on analysing of fatwas on sewage treatment water particularly in changing from mutanajjis water to used water or pure water. This research is qualitative that will using methodology of colleting data by analysing documents of approved fatwas. The findings of study indicate as treated waste water is characterized as pure water. It is because transformation process to eliminate excrement and change it to pure water. Therefore, it can be used as plant watering and drinking water as long as it is not harmful because it has returned to the original nature of water.
Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is a trenchless technology provides an installation alternative that offers a lot of benefit compared to traditional open-cut method. It’s called HDD because its steering ability to avoid existing utilities or other obstacles either horizontally, vertically and even pulled back where she got its name. HDD was developed in California in the 1970s and was introduced in Europe in 1986. Since year 1992 up to 2016 there are more than 40 thousand-unit HDD machine were sold worldwide. The aims of this study are to determine the present local authorities’ technical requirements in HDD works, to determine the factors of HDD good practices and to develop a standard HDD’s technical requirement. This research shall use mixed method in achieving the objectives. A descriptive and exploratory research design will be used for the study. The research design for this study contains the following consist of the research problem and research questions, sampling design, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validation/verification of the HDD standard technical requirements and its’ frameworks. This study shall able to produce a standard HDD technical requirement and its’ framework. With the establishment of a thorough and a standard local authority’ technical requirements it’s will able to educate the HDD contractors and assist them in carrying out their work properly, successfully and safely. It’s will also able to educate the stake holders on how important to follow the stipulated technical requirements that contributed to the project success.
This article aims to analyse the gambling activities in Malaysia against the backdrop of human rights and federal constitution. It instigates for effective efforts to be carried out to, at least, minimise the gambling activities, if not to stop them totally. Based on limited sources in the existing literature, this article initially identifies the definitions of gambling and its status from the perspectives of Islam and other religions. It then examines whether gambling is consistent with the very notion of freedom of religion in this country which makes Islam as its religion. Furthermore, to get an accurate perspective of this ‘industry’ and the laws related to it, this article analyses some selected prominent gambling companies and the existing laws followed by some recommendations for solutions. In sum, this article affirms that gambling is neither a good habit nor does it represent the culture of Malaysian people. It in fact contributes towards social ills within the society and therefore needs to be strongly combated.
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