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Turning operations are a versatile secondary metal cutting process. In metal cutting industry, manufacturing processes are designed to attain minimum manufacturing cost, best quality and improved cutting tool's performance. Nonetheless, the deterioration of cutting tools, occupational diseases amongst the workers and environmental aspects are increasingly becoming a major issue. Therefore, one alternative to reduce the impact of metal cutting activity in term of cutting tool, the health and environment is Portable MQL Applicator. The portable MQL applicator is an equipment that equipped with pneumatic system to deliver a small amount of fluid in the form of aerosol into the cutting zone. The effect of the portable MQL applicator was investigated and compared with the results from dry machining in terms of tool life and material removal rate in turning of Inconel 718 using carbide tool. The results showed that the applications of the portable MQL applicator have successfully resulted in better tool life and improved material removal rate.

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Purpose  of  Study: The purpose of this preliminary study is to determine the reliability and validity of the instrument used and feasible for full-scale analysis of the aforementioned studied phenomenon. PLS-SEM is employed in this preliminary study that utilised SmartPLS 3.0. Methodology: Drawing on RBV (resource-based view) the implementation of customer relationship management (CRM) functions in hotel industry had become a central strategy in determining competitive advantage. Empirical studies had documented that small and medium hotels had also embraced on customer-centric business practice that endures CRM functions as their strategy in sustaining competitive advantage. Indeed, they inclines to implement elementary CRM functions that leverage the IBT’s (internet-based technologies) of hotel website. CRM functions is regarded as firms’ resource that effectively deployed may lead to competitive advantage that portray in positive business performance. A total of seventy-five respondents (managers and owners) of small and medium hotels managers and owners from Greater Kuala Lumpur participated in the survey realised through convenient sampling method. Main Findings: The result of PLS-SEM analysis on measurement model had showed a robust analysis of internal reliability and validity. Assessment of items and constructs included in the study exhibits a good internal consistency and valid, thus, reflects an acceptable research model that are feasible and ready a full-scale analysis.