Introduction: Infection is the most prominent cause of delayed or non-union in tibial fractures because of the bone's sensitive subcutaneous location. Ilizarov external fixator application is regarded as the best approach for treating them because of several benefits. Analysis of the role of Ilizarov fixation in infected tibial non-union was the goal of this investigation and evaluating clinical & functional outcomes of infected tibial non-union. Materials and Methods: A Multicenter based non-randomized quasi-experimental prospective study was performed in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. From 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2020. The study comprised a total of 61 (n=61) Tibial non-union patients treated with the Ilizarov fixator who also had an infection. ASAMI score criteria were used to evaluate the outcome. Results: The most common organism for infection was identified to be at Staphylococcus Aureus. The final follow-up showed that all but one patient had achieved union; one patient had to amputate due to infection and non-union. ASAMI score rating methodology for bone and function results rated the majority of patients as outstanding. Pin tract infections were the most prevalent problem discovered in this research. Conclusion: The Ilizarov external fixator is safe and successful for treating infected non-union of the tibia since it can offer a stable mechanical environment, bone transfer, rectify deformities, eradicate the infection, and allow patients to bear weight. Therefore, we still suggest it despite its disadvantages.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women throughout the world, and it is the leading cause of cancer death among women in underdeveloped countries like Bangladesh is preventable and curable if detected at and early stage using proper screening tools. This study was done to see the effectiveness of VIA and find out the CIN and introduce as a complementary to cytology for diagnosing precancerous form of cervix. Materials & Methods: A total 175 subjects were studied & relevant data of cervix related patients have been collected. The data regarding Pap smear, VIA and biopsy have been taken and collected data was analysis by SPSS. Results: Out of 175 Patients VIA positive 53 (30.3%), Pap smear reports, 84 (48.0%) had inflammatory findings and 38 (21.7%) had dysplasia and biopsy result 41(23.4%) CIN positive. Sensitivity of VlA was 90.2%, specificity 88.1%, PPV 69.8%, NPV 96.7% and accuracy 88.6%. Sensitivity of Pap smear reports was 80.5%, specificity 96.3%, PPV 86.8%, NPV 94.2% and accuracy 92.6%. Conclusion: Visual inspection of cervix after application of acetic acid (VIA) is valid as cytology test for the identification of pre-invasive cervical cancer (CIN). Thus VIA is a useful screening method of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia lesion as Pap smear. TAJ 2018; 31(1): 15-20

The study was carried out to report the results of marginal resection in sacral chordoma using a posterior midline approach. The study was carried out between July 2008 to June 2016, there were 21 patients who underwent the operation. Fourteen patients were male and seven were female and age ranging from 28 and 76 years. All most of the patients presented with pain, sacral mass and neurological deficit. Total sacrectomy and bone reconstruction were carried out in 11 patients. Subtotal sacrectomy was carried out in the remaining ten patients. Patients were followed up for at least seven years. Recovery after the operation was good. Duration of operation ranged between three to six hours. Three to five units blood was transfused in all patients after operation .Bowel and bladder dysfunction were almost all patients. After surgery following local complications including infection and wound disruption occurs in three patients and seroma occurs in two patients. Three patients (14%) had tumor recurrence and one patient expired three years after operation. 18 patients were still tumor-free at long term (seven years) follow-up. Marginal resection of sacral chordoma through posterior approachcan be a management plan for sacral chordoma with acceptable results.TAJ 2017; 30(1): 21-26

Ewing's sarcoma is a primary bone malignancy with the highest incidence in the first decade of life. Although it mostly affects the diaphyseal as well as metaphysical region of growing long bones but involvement of spine is not very uncommon especially the sacrum. Nonsacral spinal Ewing's sarcoma is rarer and often mimics a benign condition before spreading extensively. They present with neurologic deficits due to spinal cord compression, but acute onset paraplegia is very rare.A high index of clinical suspicion can clinch the diagnosis early in the course of the disease. A prompt intervention is required to keep neurological damage to a minimum, and a correct combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy is required for better long-term patient outcome. We report a 15-years old male who presented with acute paraplegia and had an excellent postoperative outcome after posterior decompression of a D 11 Ewing's sarcoma.TAJ 2013; 26: 92-97

Endometriosis is a common gynaecological condition and presents mainly with involvement of the pelvic organs. However umbilical endometriosis is uncommon. A correct differential diagnosis can be difficult and the use of epiluminescence and MRI is suggested for the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis. This case report was experienced at a tertiary care hospital at Rajshahi. The patient was 42 years old multigravid woman presented with umbilical swelling and pain during menstruation for last 6 years with cyclical bleeding from the umbilical region for same duration. The patient had regular menstrual bleeding since the time of menarche. The patient had no previous history of endometriosis, dysmenorrhea or dyspareunia. Physical examination showed a hyperpigmented tender paraumbilical swelling with bloody discharge through umbilicus. Clinical examination together with the use of high resolution ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology led to an accurate pre-operative diagnosis of umbilical endometriosis. The surgical approach to umbilical endometriosis represented an important step in achieving a satisfying result. The lesion to be excised and adequate umbilical repositioning was done. The patient was asymptomatic at the follow-up visit (12 months after surgery). A natural-looking umbilicus was observed with minimal visible scars.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 48-51