One of the significant threats that faces the web nowadays is the DNS tunneling which is an attack that exploit the domain name protocol in order to bypass security gateways. This would lead to lose critical information which is a disastrous situation for many organizations. Recently, researchers have pay more attention in the machine learning techniques regarding the process of DNS tunneling. Machine learning is significantly impacted by the utilized features. However, the lack of benchmarking standard dataset for DNS tunneling, researchers have captured the features of DNS tunneling using different techniques. This paper aims to present a review on the features used for the DNS tunneling.
VANETs clustering is an emerging research topic that serves in the intelligent transportation systems of today's technology. It aims at segmenting the moving vehicles in the road environment into subgroups named clusters, with cluster heads for enabling effective and stable routing. Most of the VANETs clustering approaches are based on distributed models which make the decision of clusters creation lacking the global view of the vehicle's distribution and mobility in the environment. However, the availability of the LTE and long ranges of base station motivated researchers recently to provide center-based approaches. Unlike existing center-based clustering approaches of VANETs, this article uses the road segmenting phase named grid partitioning before providing summarized information to the clustering center. Furthermore, it presents an integrated approach as a combination of all the clustering tasks including assigning, cluster head selection, removing, and merging. Evaluation of the proposed approach named center-based evolving clustering based on grid partitioning (CEC-GP) is proven superior from the perspective of efficiency, stability, and consistency. An improvement percentage of the efficiency in (CEC-GP) over the benchmarks Center based stable clustering (CBSC) and evolving data clustering algorithm (EDCA) is 65% and 394% respectively. INDEX TERMS vehicular ad hoc networks, VANETs clustering, Center-based clustering, evolving clustering, grid based-clustering.
The data and information available in most community environments is complex in nature. Sentimental data resources may possibly consist of textual data collected from multiple information sources with different representations and usually handled by different analytical models. These types of data resource characteristics can form multi-view polarity textual data. However, knowledge creation from this type of sentimental textual data requires considerable analytical efforts and capabilities. In particular, data mining practices can provide exceptional results in handling textual data formats. Besides, in the case of the textual data exists as multi-view or unstructured data formats, the hybrid and integrated analysis efforts of text data mining algorithms are vital to get helpful results. The objective of this research is to enhance the knowledge discovery from sentimental multi-view textual data which can be considered as unstructured data format to classify the polarity information documents in the form of two different categories or types of useful information. A proposed framework with integrated data mining algorithms has been discussed in this paper, which is achieved through the application of X-means algorithm for clustering and HotSpot algorithm of association rules. The analysis results have shown improved accuracies of classifying the sentimental multi-view textual data into two categories through the application of the proposed framework on online polarity user-reviews dataset upon a given topics.
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