This experiment was conducted in pots with a randomized complete design to study the effects of foliar application with Hoagland's solution (0, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and full strength) on some morphological, physiological and yield characters of barley cv. Towetha. Both 1/4 and 1/2 strength treatments showed significant increase in all morphological (height of plant, leaves number, flag leaf area, tiller numbers, shoot dry weight), physiological (chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, total nitrogen and total protein) and yield characters (number of spikes/plant, 100-grains weight and grain yield/plant) compared with the control treatment. It is concluded that barley cultivar gave a clear response to foliar application with Hoagland's solution and the half-strength Hoagland's solution was the preferred nutrient solution evaluated in this research.
The effect of salinity (0, 4, 8 or 12 dSm-1) induced by NaCl in irrigated water was studied on the shoots of wheat cultivars. After 80 days from sowing, fresh and dry weight of shoot and shoot content of Ntot, P, K, Ca, Mg and Cu were significantly decreased as salinity level increased, whereas Na, Cl, Mn and Zn were increased in the shoots of wheat. The highest fresh and shoot dry weight was recorded with Abo-Graib followed by Sham 4 in which both was significantly higher as compared to Rizgary and Semeto. The concentration of Ntot, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl and Zn showed that there were significant differences among the cultivars. The highest content of Ntot, P, K, Ca and Mg were found in Abo-Graib and Sham 4 and the lowest concentration in Semeto and Rizgary, and opposite was true with Na, Cl and Zn. Indeed, Abo-Graib and Sham 4 cultivar showed significant higher K/Na than Semeto and Rizgary. However, non-significant differences were noticed between Semeto and Rizgary cultivars as well as between Abo-Graib and Sham 4 with regarding to the content of studied nutrients. The results shows that Abo-Graib and Sham 4 cultivars are moderately salt-tolerant compare to the other sensitive salt tolerant Rizgary and Semeto cultivars.
Nowadays, the most limited natural resource is water. Therefore, researchers have been searching for ways to enhance drought resistance as well as plant growth under limited water supply. In this study, the potassium application effect under water shortage on some biomass and biochemical parameters on the wheat (Hawler-2) genotype, was examined in 2021–2022. Irrigation levels were kept at 100% and 30% of field capacity and different doses (0, 150, and 300 kg ha-¹) of potassium were applied to the soil, arranged as a factorial experiment in CRD design with 4 repetitions. The results demonstrated that drought reduced biomass features such as (length of root and shoot, root shoot dry weight), increased proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugars, MDA, and H202, while application of potassium enhanced accumulation of the above mentioned osmoprotectants and improved root and shoot length along with root shoot dry weights and root shoot ratio and led to a reduction of lipid peroxidation and H202 content. Hence, it can be said that K might perform an effective role in dropping the undesirable effects of drought in wheat plants.
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