Background/purpose Despite the existence of numerous techniques for the repair of distal penile hypospadias, none of them is completely satisfactory. Advancing the urethra without mobilization for repair of glanular hypospadias has the advantage of avoiding a common problem occurring with other techniques: urethrocutaneous fistula. This study aims at evaluation of our experience with this technique for repair of distal hypospadias.Materials and methods A prospective study was conducted on patients with glanular, coronal and subcoronal hypospadias during the period from December 2012 to December 2014. Recurrent cases were excluded. Feasibility of the technique and postoperative complications were recorded.Results A total of 30 boys between 9 months and 7 years of age were included in the study. They underwent repair of glanular (five), coronal (10), and subcoronal (15) hypospadias. The urethra was mobilized to the proximal shaft in almost all cases. Three cases developed postoperative hematoma, which were managed conservatively and resolved spontaneously. Two cases developed wound infection and were managed with antibiotics and daily dressing until infection resolved. None of the patients had major complications such as dehiscence, urethral stricture, or fistula. Three patients developed meatal stenosis; two of them responded to repeated dilatation twice weekly for 2 weeks; and one needed meatoplasty. In one patient, the most distal of the glans approximation sutures disrupted, leading to a minor detachment in the glans. There was no recurrent chordee. Two patients underwent meatal retraction, wherein the urethra migrated proximally but still within the glans; only one of these patients required a second procedure.Conclusion The urethral mobilization technique seems to be a good method for the repair of distal hypospadias with or without chordee with satisfactory cosmetic and functional results. The procedure has the advantage of avoiding the need for a second layer of tissue covering during repair. Moreover, there is no chance for the development of urethrocutaneous fistula, a major postoperative complication of other surgical techniques creating a neourethra. Postoperative management is simple and a brief hospital stay is sufficient.
Background: Eating disorders are complex psychiatric syndromes in which cognitive distortions related to food and body weight and disturbed eating patterns can lead to significant and potentially life threatening medical and nutrition complications. Aim of the work: To evaluate the prevalence of subclinical form of eating disorders and the association between it and mood disorders (Major Depressive disorder, Dysthymia) and anxiety disorders in adolescent girls in Sharkia governorate Subject and Methods: in this two-stage cross-sectional study, we screened 2000 secondary school-student girls using (EDT) ,and CSID-1(for eating disorders) .Those scoring more than 30in EDT, and +ve SCID-1 (N=471) and a control group randomly selected from those scoring lower than 30, and-ve SCID-1 for eating disorders (N=215). To differentiate types of eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and EDNOS (subclinical eating disorders). All subjects(+ve SCID-1) involved in stage 2 were examined for mood disorders (depression, dysthymia) by using beck scale for depression, SCIA-I scale for dysthymia, and anxiety disorders by using taylor scale. Results: the prevalence of subclinical eating disorders were 25.5% (SAN 3.5%, SBN 3.0%, SWC 10.0% and SBED 9.0%), there were statistically significant differences in socio-demographic data between the SEDS groups (Subclinical anorexia nervosa is low significant in BMI than other groups), Prevalencedepressive disorder 10.8%, MDD in SEDS patients were 2.5%, dysthymic disorder 4.0 % and generalized anxiety disorder 5.4%. Conclusion: Subclinical eating disorders are more frequent than typical eating disorders. Subclinical forms of eating disorders may represent a high risk group for developing serious eating disorders, identifying this group will give an opportunity of prevention. Mood disorders (MDD, dysthymia) and generalized anxiety disorder are more frequent in subclinical eating disorders. Key words Eating disorders| Subclinical eating disorders| Eating disorder test| Mood disorders| MDD| Dysthymic disorder| Generalized anxiety disorder.
This study aims to compare the key protagonists in two masterpieces of Arthur Miller: Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman (first published in 1955) and Quentin in After the Fall and literacy features Invalid source specified.. Miller deployed a variety background vis-à-vis rate-innate nature. The study employs up-to-date corpus methods in analyzing literary texts by which the researchers: firstly, constructed two corpora in XML format for both plays; secondly, marked before compiling and parsing the corpora; and thirdly, extracted a subcorpus for each inspect, compare and contrast the linguistic aspects in question. The narration). Results affirm existential orality/literacy linguistic phenomena in protagonists as deemed by Ong, such as redundancy vs abundance. However, unlike presumption, both characters interdiscursively share certain language items, such as additives.In this sense, findings attest epistemological and cultural reflections that profile literary works. His characters are realistically portrayed in a way that conforms with what has been previously argued by Negm(1986& 1996 in his traditionallyqualitative analysis of the present study complements and supplements previous studies in aquantitative method of analysis.
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