No abstract

Aim: Herbs are used widely in medicine. The purpose of the present study was to assess the ion release from gold-plated orthodontic bracket compared with other stainless steel brackets, and based on the findings of the study, the orthodontists can choose the most biocompatible brackets and mouthwashes useful in the clinical practice. Materials and methods:A total of 150 orthodontic brackets from Orthotechnology™ Company, USA (50 stainless steel one-piece brackets, 50 stainless steel two-piece brackets, and 50 gold brackets) were immersed in four mouthwashes in addition to distilled water. Ten of each type of brackets in every media were immersed under 37°C for 45 days. Ions released in these mouthwashes were measured, and comparisons among different bracket types and among various mouthwashes were done by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then with Games-Howell tests.Results: Increased amounts of ions released in herbal mouthwashes were recorded in gold and two-piece brackets in comparison with one-piece stainless steel brackets. Conclusion:Herbal mouthwashes must be used with caution as they showed an increased amount of ions released in comparison with chlorhexidine. One-piece stainless steel bracket system is the most compatible bracket type, as they released the least amount of ions.Clinical significance: One-piece stainless steel brackets are better than two-piece brackets in terms of ions released.

No abstract

Background: This study aimed to determine the gender of a sample of Iraqi adults utilizing the mesio-distal width of maxillary central incisors and canines and to determine the percentage of dimorphism as an aid in forensic dentistry. Materials and methods: The sample included 230 subjects (115 males and 115 females) with an age ranged between 17-25 years and Class I dental and skeletal relations. Study casts were taken for each subject and the mesio-distal crown dimension was measured manually from the contact points for the maxillary central incisors and canines (both sides) using digital vernier caliper gauge. Descriptive statistics were obtained for the measurements for both genders; independent samples t-test was performed to evaluate the gender difference, percentage of dimorphism and stepwise discriminant function statistics were performed to determine the teeth that can be used for gender identification in addition to the percentage of gender identification accuracy. Results and Conclusions: Generally, the mesio-distal dimensions of the maxillary central incisor and canine were larger in males than females with a high significant difference (P ≤ 0.001). Stepwise discriminant function statistics indicated that the right central incisor and canine were the most predominant teeth in gender identification and the accuracy of identification reached up to 69.6%.

Purpose: Dental arch length, width, and perimeter are considered to be important for the diagnosis and treatment of orthodontic cases. This study aimed to utilize dental arch width and length to create an equation for predicting dental arch perimeter. Materials and methods: Sixty-seven pairs of study models for patients with normal occlusion who received dental treatment were included in this study. Dental arch width at the level of the canines, first premolars, and first molars, in addition to dental arch length and perimeter, were measured using a digital vernier with 0.01mm accuracy. Data were subjected to step-wise regression analysis to determine the major predictors of arch perimeters and develop regression equations for both arches. The predicted arch perimeters were compared with the actual measured values using paired sample t-test. Results: For both arches, the perimeter showed a direct, moderate to strong, highly significant correlation with the length and width measurements. Findings from step-wise regression analysis indicated that there was a strong correlation between arch perimeter and the inter-canine width and arch length, which explained 67.7% of the variation in arch perimeter in the maxillary arch. In the mandibular arch, inter-molar width, inter-canine width, and arch length explained 55.1% of the variation in the dental arch perimeter. The arch perimeter values predicted from the developed equations were not significantly different from the actual values that were measured. Conclusion: New regression equations based on dental arch width and length at the level of the premolars, molars, and canines were developed to predict dental arch perimeters for both the mandibular and maxillary arches.