Competition is one of the realities of the business environment, and despite this, the awareness of organizations (especially in developing countries) of the importance of dealing with it has not yet developed until in recent years. Developing countries are unable to follow these methods so that these competitive situations will be deeper and more powerful due to the clear interaction between not following the scientific method and adhering to random and improvisational methods, which is reflected in the capabilities of these organizations. The research deals with the impact of strategic planning (external orientation, internal orientation, functional coverage, and resources provided for strategic planning) in the university's competitiveness (the strategy of the educational institution, Governance and management, Financial and material resources, Faculty members, Students, Scientific research, Community service, Curricula), as an expression of a vision of the role of strategic planning in achieving effective adaptation to competitive situations and improving the university's competitiveness, to establish a reality in the minds of the leaders responsible for the planning process that working in traditional contexts in light of the changes and accumulating problems of the Iraqi environment leads to results that are not effective concerning the size of the problems. Hence, the research problem arises by raising a major question which is: What is the impact of strategic planning on the competitiveness of Iraqi universities according to the national institutional accreditation standards of the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research? To achieve the goal of the research and answer its questions, the research applied to a sample of (158) individuals at the University of Technology and the research adopted the questionnaire to collect the data that were processed and analyzed using several statistical methods. The research reached several results, including the researched university has employed strategic planning with all its indicators to improve its competitiveness. the most important recommendations were the necessity for the university to employ more strategic planning to improve the university's competitiveness. Received: 2 March 2021 / Accepted: 3 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Banking services are subject to a variety of hazards, including credit quality, liquidity, interests’ risk, market risk, operating risk, and management risk. The greatest exceptional risk is default on a loan. The level of non-performing assets or the redemption loans determine a bank's sound financial status (NPAs). And that the rise in nonperforming assets (NPAs) necessitated more judgment, resulting in poorer bank profitability overall. The main thing to remember is that decreasing the number of nonperforming assets (NPAs) is necessary for banks to increase their profitability. The impact of nonperforming assets (NPAs) on Cihan Bank's profitability is investigated in this research. This was done in order to achieve the objective of the study represented in evaluating the nonperforming assets of Cihan Bank. And their impact on profitability. As well as to determine the relationship between net profit and total net NPA, ROA, and ROE. Cihan Bank's collected from the annual report are used in this study, which spans four years from 2017 to 2020. The correlation coefficient was used to assess the data. The study discovered that the NPA characteristics and also the profitability variables have a substantial negative relationship.
Quality of work life (QWL) can be impacted by a variety of factors, including organizational structure, the physical environment, job security, and the opportunity for personal growth and development. As job enrichment is a key component of QWL, it can play an important role in employee retention. The main objective of this research is to determine the dimensions of QWL and job enrichment that promote employee retention and how those dimensions significantly impact employee retention. The research was based on a questionnaire survey with (358) faculty members representing 10 private colleges in Baghdad, the questionnaires’ reliability and validity were examined, and data were described and analysed using a descriptive and analytical approach by using SmartPLS to test the hypothesises. The findings assert both quality of working life and job enrichment had a significant impact on employee retention. The study urges employers to offer highly desirable working conditions, and by utilizing a job enrichment strategy, faculty staff roles are created to keep them.
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