Good signal reception depends on a reliable communication link. However, as the signal travels through the communication medium, several factors affect the quality of the signal at the receiver. In Ku band digital satellite transmission, rain is the major cause of link impairment. Global rain rate and rain attenuation prediction models have been developed to predict rain rate and rain attenuation at various locations. These models have not been applied and tested with measured data to determine their prediction accuracy in the Ghanaian tropical region. In this paper, the Moupfouma and International Telecommunication Union Recommendation (ITU-R) rain rate models were applied and compared with measured local 1-minute data for Kumasi. The result was used to select an appropriate prediction model to be applied to all 22 synoptic stations across Ghana. The ITU-R rain attenuation model was then used to predict the rain attenuation for Ghana. The values obtained were used to develop a rain rate and rain attenuation geographical map for Ghana using the inverse-distance weighting method and Arc GIS software. As Ghana migrates from analogue to digital satellite television broadcasting, it is imperative to investigate the effect of rain on the signal. This will serve as a tool for system designers to determine the appropriate effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) and receiver characteristics for Ghana.
Abstract. This paper developed a conceptual framework in determining the suitable location in installing the earth station for Ka-band satellite communication in Malaysia. This current evolution of high throughput satellites experienced major challenge due to Malaysian climate. Because Ka-band frequency is highly attenuated by the rainfall; it is an enormous challenge to define the most appropriate site for the static communication. Site diversity, a measure to anticipate this conflict by choosing less attenuated region and geographically change the transmission strategy on season basis require accurate spatio-temporal information on the geographical, environmental and hydro-climatology at local scale. Prior to that request, this study developed a conceptual framework to cater the needs. By using the digital spatial data, acquired from site measurement and remote sensing, the proposed framework applied a multiple criteria analysis to perform the tasks of site selection. With the advancement of high resolution remotely sensed data, site determination can be conducted as in Malaysia; accommodating a new, fast, and effective satellite communication. The output of this study is one of the pioneer contributions to create a high tech-society.
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