Objective: The study aimed to characterize the lipid and apolipoprotein profile and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a population of urban adult women of Morocco. Design: A total of 213 women 25-55 y old were sampled from an agricultural province of Morocco: El Jadida. The following parameters of lipid and apolipoprotein profile were measured: plasma triglycerides (TG), plasma cholesterol (TC), triglyceriderich lipoprotein triglycerides (TRL-TG), TRL-cholesterol (TRL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and apolipoproteins A1, B, B48, CIII and E. Waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) were also determined. Results: The women studied showed the following pattern: elevated TC, LDL-C levels and TC/HDL-C in 10, 19.4 and in 43.8%, respectively; low HDL-C levels in 45.3% (o0.9 mmol/l) or in 95% (when the cutoff o1.3 mmol/l is used), elevated TG levels in 11.8%. Elevated TRL-C (40.6 mmol/l) and TRL-TG (40.8 mmol/l) were observed in 13.4%. Obesity and hypertension were highly prevalent in 23.9 and 16.5%, respectively. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were closely correlated with plasma concentrations of TRL-TG (R ¼ 0.86, P ¼ 0.0001), apoB (R ¼ 0.50, P ¼ 0.0001) and apoCIII (R ¼ 0.52, P ¼ 0.0001) and moderately correlated with HDL-C levels (R ¼ À0.3, P ¼ 0.0001) and BMI (R ¼ 0.4, P ¼ 0.0001). The association between BMI and systolic blood pressure was statistically significant (R ¼ 0.3, P ¼ 0.0001). Obesity, BP, TRL-C, TRL-TG, TG, apoB and apoCIII increased with age. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of some risk factors for cardiovascular disease including altered lipid and lipoprotein profiles in the Moroccan urban women studied, some of these risk factors are associated with age.
Background. Healthy diet plays an important role in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in the prevention of related comorbidities. Dietary diversity score (DDS) is well recognized as an indicator for assessing diet quality and food security. However, its association with CKD has not been investigated. Objective. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of CKD and to evaluate its association with DDS among a Moroccan adults from Sidi Bennour province. Materials and methods. A cross sectional study was conducted among 210 individuals. General information among others was collected. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood samples were collected and the serum creatinine was determined. Subsequent glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated by the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula and the chronic kidney disease was defined by an eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m². Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hours dietary recall, and DDS was computed according to the FAO guidelines. Results. The participants mean age was 54.18±13.45 years, with a sex ratio of 0.38 and 4.4% as the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. The dietary diversity score was lower than 3 (lowest DDS) in 14.4% of the subjects, between 4 and 5 (medium DDS) in 72.5% and higher than 6 (high DDS) in 13.1% of the subjects. Subjects with higher DDS consistently have a higher level of eGFR compared to those with lower DDS while the DDS was not associated with the incidence of CKD in the present study. Conclusion. Even if no statistically significant association was found between CKD and dietary diversity, there is a relationship of higher eGFR levels among the study participants with higher dietary diversity.
Introduction the association of diabetes with pregnancy is a frequent gestational situation that constitutes a real public health problem with prevalence and risk factors varying according to the population type. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes (GD) and associated risk factors (socio-demographic characteristics, medical and obstetric history) in pregnant women from the Moroccan province of Safi. Methods this cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was conducted during the period from October 2018 to February 2019, on 208 pregnant women, attending the antenatal consultation services of four health centers equally distributed between urban and rural areas of Safi Province in Morocco. The data on blood glucose levels and the risk factors for gestational diabetes generally described in the literature were collected. The statistical Chi-square test and the logistic regression were used to check the association between gestational diabetes and the risk factors. Results the mean age of the pregnant women sample was 28.9 ± 6.8 years and the prevalence of GD was 24.5%. Using multivariate logistic regression, the most significantly associated risk factors were the diabetic inheritance of a primary relative (OR=2.616 [95% CI: 1.281-5.341]; p=0.008) and the high education level (OR=2.301 [95% CI: 1.123-4.716] p=0.023). Conclusion the results show that gestational diabetes is a frequent pathology among the study population. The data revealed also that the diabetes inheritance (primary relative) and the high level of education are the main risk factors of this pathology in the surveyed pregnant women in the study province.
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